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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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, o5 _( h; X7 i; ]: K: CWMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
- W. M$ n D* e+ W3 q 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。 D! q; ?1 j: A+ f8 Z% m$ D6 d
利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。3 O% x5 b9 S1 @1 w7 }2 d
很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 % d3 m; X3 N+ H. E
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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① 初始化 COM 接口:
5 _: p5 A0 v+ D m4 h 访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。' U& I. O: O: Q* a' b* z( S+ h
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。3 D$ y% \! o0 e# t
1 K' u7 k# Y: }6 h8 D$ H! ]② 获取访问 WMI 权限:- u; c: c" g! S. K& @: s
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
! p9 H d3 ~( M0 p7 j 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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6 w1 l M7 g( d, D9 [③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:) s# B- Y* z9 X" Z- b; r' q4 Y
这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。) R/ C- b' [9 t
: l# R5 {! v1 \void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)
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IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
H- f& l) A( j/ ` x+ ? if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)2 e {! B+ r. R) s
{
. k5 d5 \8 s( {$ g8 v$ } IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;& @- n+ z% B$ C
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
C9 P# H: r: G" J if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)2 d; n- F7 {3 u" p7 A
{
q0 \/ W- }' P* W IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;1 }! Q+ Q: d* I/ s
WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;
5 s* v! S8 B" N" k% S if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;2 p y+ T* n' ^* r' V* l8 \
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;7 n/ U- A# @; G x
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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int iEnumIdx = 0;
8 H; E4 C4 A+ n7 \$ I A! q7 q while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)! [$ O" R9 v/ G
{
3 Z3 a ~5 F7 J6 F! E lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");
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+ S: u6 R# g# _0 | SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;1 _! S7 h# ^9 } w
if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)( m2 F9 j9 l/ `' e/ w
{
5 X! q& a- E/ F! v, @5 o long vbl, vbu;% O: [' r; H. X" q, A/ c: u" b
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
& ^: i# u' a, S1 M0 f SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
. ~4 @' d! I% S2 Q1 e+ q for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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long aidx = idx;
0 H5 {$ i# E2 W% s wchar_t *wsName = 0;
/ `. }' l8 [% E/ y: F VARIANT vValue;% L& Q4 ]+ i& S6 T ]
VariantInit(&vValue);( B4 d# o+ c) X1 N
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);; h3 L; B8 D; L# x: ~: z
4 E# A1 P8 q! m! N) M BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
, Q( q N2 C e1 [8 v. ~ HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
# }/ _! V0 \/ { C( _; S, H SysFreeString(bs);! ?! u5 G" j$ |$ J
, F& l1 K+ \3 q S6 B if(hRes == S_OK)
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) Y! k! N' ?6 M- \- K. r AnsiString s;
# ^: t( `* F; N K9 p* Y Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
. I G6 K" T N if(v.IsArray())
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7 x0 z/ J& v/ z5 w# j for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
/ ~, |4 `; N9 [ if(!s.IsEmpty()), ~6 [$ M( {! Y# S6 r; d2 t3 Q
s+=", ";+ C0 |/ o: j: G. O9 ], \
s+=VarToStr(a);1 r' L6 l: i, ?) O9 J6 b
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else
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/ ? P0 s" ~7 C( b2 |& a6 w: V s = VarToStr(v);
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lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
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' Y K( B# \" Y* N4 Y @3 F8 N VariantClear(&vValue);
. h' @$ g! |" b SysFreeString(wsName);
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);5 H2 [2 b+ h% {2 F& M7 t) l$ H! j
iEnumIdx++;) w. _# a% G6 s( |7 y V# W
}
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1 f7 D4 E( [' d( u+ R) r* B if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();9 T( R' _4 w1 l( U6 G Z8 S K
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if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();5 V+ R- O: U4 \ X
}
P; Z! p9 _4 v" p8 G! K) R- _ if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();" D' g% H: N( I7 _
}
' S' v8 E1 a- P G, ] if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();: ~. `9 V; Z, r9 K' N3 c0 b# k
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
+ X& b+ ]* n4 bvoid __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");* r# z8 B1 B, C* K: t. ~/ o
GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
) r8 F$ K, I; z8 R u6 x' b Memo1->Lines->Add(""); R. w ~. C4 Z. X; ~
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:+ ^) L+ Z" W1 M4 v5 x9 J4 Z1 \
Win32_1394Controller
: H& B, m X& R9 I Win32_BaseBoard
$ R1 A5 o6 |4 L Win32_Battery% z4 k! A7 Z/ `) H1 m. u& _
Win32_BIOS+ \4 I: J3 a" Y7 O" j
Win32_Bus
3 N3 {# B- u3 {1 b! d/ @% M Win32_CacheMemory
' W: p" m' _4 h: F Win32_CDROMDrive
) Y# i( c8 i, Y! d; D. ~+ \6 F" j Win32_CurrentProbe
9 Y t C/ s" i9 }+ ?) u Win32_DesktopMonitor, D |# K. A6 o9 O6 J
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
. w1 U6 M9 M9 S6 A% w { Win32_DiskDrive
5 c# n$ ?# `; ?" _1 E H c Win32_DisplayConfiguration
$ O# c Y* i1 s) e% F Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
$ G1 j: f" F1 n6 j1 O6 ]5 g4 q Win32_DMAChannel: \5 @0 i& O6 i# W) h
Win32_Fan' m9 X# ], E7 U4 I% M% }/ E
Win32_FloppyController T" |) ]- W: F$ r" K2 a, n
Win32_FloppyDrive- R* U5 Z, J" a# P- v
Win32_HeatPipe) G# y* b+ g# v$ Q
Win32_IDEController
1 b' J% [' w T* z Win32_InfraredDevice( U$ ~; [; G/ V0 d7 I
Win32_IRQResource& B v1 }1 D. e9 V+ G
Win32_Keyboard7 m4 M- L9 N' e+ v# ?
Win32_MemoryArray
/ e5 \# R4 X7 G: o# m% t* N Win32_MemoryDevice
) p- Y" B* T l/ o, F, G5 a: e Win32_MotherboardDevice
; v6 k4 `4 }2 k Win32_NetworkAdapter
" ~* t6 V) ?# o0 P A: {6 p2 V Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
* P0 f8 W( m# G { Win32_OnBoardDevice
4 m8 q+ c0 }1 G7 P, m8 r Win32_ParallelPort! d+ [" n" ]* y n6 h2 P
Win32_PCMCIAController5 [* q! a8 o) e/ k p
Win32_PhysicalMemory K6 \! B2 B: g8 j: n5 f `
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray
, [7 R) r' y8 ]8 t Win32_PnPEntity! c# h# E% |6 q% s: x5 t! R* o
Win32_PointingDevice( h: U3 w! N1 [
Win32_PortableBattery/ s/ p& C' S; F+ q
Win32_PortConnector9 |& e, U/ F9 L7 S; Y+ W
Win32_PortResource
- @. \' k" S( }* l6 m" } Win32_POTSModem
D7 E. U* O: R0 V Win32_PowerManagementEvent9 Y5 G6 s, ^( Z ^+ i4 s5 a" e1 r3 ~
Win32_Printer# |3 Q" w. o3 i8 l( t' i
Win32_PrinterConfiguration: p* s. h6 J2 o% f( H6 i
Win32_PrintJob
. `& Y/ t& G6 Y, n: r Win32_Processor& O/ }* p o5 M+ U, z$ a
Win32_Refrigeration
+ Z/ t" r/ V2 [3 J% _0 ?( L: [ Win32_SerialPort
- S3 j, H4 z4 N' t F Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
% [" \6 C' O: p Win32_SMBIOSMemory% D- d& [' X; {& J+ [% o# f# y
Win32_SoundDevice5 v/ v6 x) Y5 K9 Y; k$ q+ m. b# k' Q
Win32_SystemEnclosure& _% n& k0 Q) ^9 ?% x% V
Win32_SystemMemoryResource- L( c. M* @: e9 y
Win32_SystemSlot) w& @& b% J) U k- R
Win32_TapeDrive
% n) B: w, T* ~. x/ ^ Win32_TemperatureProbe* I% g8 ~. `7 [$ K
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply. l) l6 K3 {0 y3 ]( U
Win32_USBController s, a; q4 Z8 l2 Z; a9 P$ U
Win32_VideoConfiguration; p/ F: s; O) F! Y3 L0 A% b( _" J8 g
Win32_VideoController8 h8 C/ R9 t& M. _% U
Win32_VoltageProbe( C8 c; s3 v9 g. d8 F F5 s
; v& _! j% S# C q% g# \6 N以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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