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设置IP地址只需要更改注册表中关于适配器的相应设置,但更改后需要重新启动系统才能生效,而AddIPAddress函数只能添加IP而不是更改当前的IP,我们在Windows NT/2000界面上操作不需要重新启动就可以生效,那系统到底做了什么额外的工作才使IP设置直接生效呢?笔者通过跟踪explorer.exe中API的调用发现在netcfgx.dll中调用了dhcpcsvc.dll中一个未公开的API hcpNotifyConfigChange,现将不重新启动WINDOWS直接更改IP地址的详细方法介绍如下:9 t( I! i ~8 X" S; M- Z3 i3 F& v
5 {5 O* l1 p; ?& Z一、获取适配器名称! ~+ c0 l/ H+ d
. ^1 ~# F& h3 U" C) p+ G; J2 ]这里指的适配器名称要区别于适配器描述,比如我的一块网卡,适配器描述是:Realtek RTL8139(A) PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter,适配器名称为:{66156DC3-44A4-434C-B8A9-0E5DB4B3EEAD}。获取适配器名称的方法有多种:
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k& x, u' m5 j1 h( t: B1.1 调用IP helper API取得适配器名称 4 R& G$ `" g$ r; T* a- ~* ^$ `
& j- m# G* N4 h1 I: R3 BULONG ulAdapterInfoSize = sizeof(IP_ADAPTER_INFO);
! s3 P+ ]$ t6 I+ c0 JIP_ADAPTER_INFO *pAdapterInfoBkp, *pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)new char[ulAdapterInfoSize];
+ o. {8 G p* v' ^9 {6 k# g) d6 y+ Tif( GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulAdapterInfoSize) == ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW ) // 缓冲区不够大
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delete pAdapterInfo;, Z9 `; X# F) m* _
pAdapterInfo = (IP_ADAPTER_INFO*)new char[ulAdapterInfoSize];6 z2 R. K1 w" f! y8 p' l
pAdapterInfoBkp = pAdapterInfo;
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+ a1 W0 d. s, E3 o- W/ eif( GetAdaptersInfo(pAdapterInfo, &ulAdapterInfoSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS )
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do{ // 遍历所有适配器
- W$ x' {) G. h4 ] if(pAdapterInfo->Type == MIB_IF_TYPE_ETHERNET) // 判断是否为以太网接口
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// pAdapterInfo->Description 是适配器描述
7 r; E* E+ A& u7 K1 {. Q& C // pAdapterInfo->AdapterName 是适配器名称
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/ `2 @% { m* j; ~4 h; Y pAdapterInfo = pAdapterInfo->Next;1 [% p5 `* M% a0 G# I; G$ ~
}while(pAdapterInfo);1 M) f# a% ^4 i' W8 P/ c8 m& H
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delete pAdapterInfoBkp;
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1.2 读取注册表取得适配器名称
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) ~% p3 e8 t3 @0 q9 ]在Windows2000中可以通过遍历 HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Class\{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}\000n\ (n是从0开始编号的数字)所有接口, 在Windows NT中可以读取HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\NetworkCards中的信息,下面以Windows2000为例: HKEY hKey, hSubKey, hNdiIntKey;( J( d8 n6 m+ d" h' t
! B9 x* ]' o5 ^% aif(RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
( z7 n& w2 D$ K, x+ e( E9 R1 Y5 B+ f "System\\CurrentControlSet\\Control\\Class\\{4d36e972-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}",
8 }( }' N1 p+ t 0,
9 k m5 ^% x; Q* d4 m) F KEY_READ,
5 C/ A4 U& M: I$ {$ H1 R" s &hKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS)
/ W, P: \1 ]& H return FALSE;
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DWORD dwIndex = 0;
0 R! s& H. R. q1 J/ s6 v e" B, T# MDWORD dwBufSize = 256;' ~; {, x8 h' f, Q5 S6 Z+ p% ]1 Q
DWORD dwDataType;7 b; B- A0 a& k% Z
char szSubKey[256];
, O; m9 B+ x r% ounsigned char szData[256];! q( q* n `+ J
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while(RegEnumKeyEx(hKey, dwIndex++, szSubKey, &dwBufSize, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
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if(RegOpenKeyEx(hKey, szSubKey, 0, KEY_READ, &hSubKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS)! m: E/ d$ Q {' s- I. s
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if(RegOpenKeyEx(hSubKey, "Ndi\\Interfaces", 0, KEY_READ, &hNdiIntKey) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
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) s9 a6 a0 w/ _* v& F+ W1 |! ] dwBufSize = 256;5 U `# G- q4 V# f" v" V. Q$ y. Z
if(RegQueryValueEx(hNdiIntKey, "LowerRange", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
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if(strcmp((char*)szData, "ethernet") == 0) // 判断是不是以太网卡0 g0 F$ M$ `. r% Z6 }) k- P# e0 u
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dwBufSize = 256; {- M, Q- K: l+ K5 N
if(RegQueryValueEx(hSubKey, "DriverDesc", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS)1 g; F: P5 }% J
{
! X( i1 p2 z6 C1 V3 ?' k // szData 中便是适配器详细描述
% {) @5 G' m& `+ X dwBufSize = 256;
; e* O0 G4 @$ U if(RegQueryValueEx(hSubKey, "NetCfgInstanceID", 0, &dwDataType, szData, &dwBufSize) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
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* U6 f2 g& F, f // szData 中便是适配器名称
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}
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. t+ }2 O! P4 U! v" e# a RegCloseKey(hNdiIntKey);6 s) m" ~. G. k2 C& u$ q! F: J
}
2 n* z0 V& w1 E# ?8 B" _5 I9 X! g RegCloseKey(hSubKey);, ?3 E7 F4 u! W' e/ l2 t# v
}
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2 O. D/ o# w' ^* i dwBufSize = 256;
7 y( U# A5 |: h- s} /* end of while */
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RegCloseKey(hKey);7 K) }0 j p5 F7 N0 l- M! y" v3 m
二、将IP信息写入注册表3 }1 J6 x, {) r
2 g* n5 Y. s( Z1 ^3 H& }2 o8 E0 n# c j1 [代码如下:BOOL RegSetIP(LPCTSTR lpszAdapterName, LPCTSTR pIPAddress, LPCTSTR pNetMask, LPCTSTR pNetGate)
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HKEY hKey;
- ?( ?- K1 q! `* H$ a. G string strKeyName = "SYSTEM\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\Tcpip\\Parameters\\Interfaces\\";8 g5 n& \" K; V% q* q
strKeyName += lpszAdapterName;
3 N/ t- J, z5 G if(RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,4 j* y: i+ G, G2 G
strKeyName.c_str(),
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% w' Q1 c) ]7 C" e; U7 K% g; `5 a/ S# K" { KEY_WRITE,
3 o; n0 {. B: f% e9 }0 @3 [. v &hKey) != ERROR_SUCCESS)
0 Z. w/ G; Y7 ^. w6 c) m return FALSE;( V4 }3 H6 J, m0 `6 |0 s$ c; J
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char mszIPAddress[100];$ Q# V" a, L# h! @( g4 H* q
char mszNetMask[100];- n9 @/ h0 T# u" V; p6 B! \& a. ^
char mszNetGate[100];3 g% I' K) {" s- B& w6 D
! a0 H7 F$ Q5 s( g strncpy(mszIPAddress, pIPAddress, 98);, T. ?0 \9 K8 Q
strncpy(mszNetMask, pNetMask, 98);6 s- M: M, K% r' }! _4 z6 Y2 r8 q
strncpy(mszNetGate, pNetGate, 98);0 |/ @* f2 S# R" v
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int nIP, nMask, nGate;
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nIP = strlen(mszIPAddress);5 _, t' T+ M, }3 j# |
nMask = strlen(mszNetMask);
) v" M' N6 ~0 ?3 ] nGate = strlen(mszNetGate);
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*(mszIPAddress + nIP + 1) = 0x00; // REG_MULTI_SZ数据需要在后面再加个0
8 X) n# Q& j# b' @; c nIP += 2;1 ~2 v4 B* {1 c+ L5 H) y9 O
0 @! u: y& X+ ~3 i; k *(mszNetMask + nMask + 1) = 0x00;
+ E/ @/ ]& o9 c& Z2 k nMask += 2;& ^: Z( }9 E: s3 o( o4 k
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*(mszNetGate + nGate + 1) = 0x00;% {- G, j! M" z8 [( |# d. o& \
nGate += 2; T- a' e0 Z! k
1 y/ J, H8 k3 c$ N RegSetValueEx(hKey, "IPAddress", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszIPAddress, nIP);
% r* v% x: ]8 ? RegSetValueEx(hKey, "SubnetMask", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszNetMask, nMask);
- p! G$ e* T( @$ s! v RegSetValueEx(hKey, "DefaultGateway", 0, REG_MULTI_SZ, (unsigned char*)mszNetGate, nGate);
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RegCloseKey(hKey);
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return TRUE;! E4 O5 L# F9 v# u- ]
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% C( Q2 i) t: \# _三、调用DhcpNotifyConfigChange通知配置的改变7 q2 M4 W! E0 e0 `/ q& I
Q0 o1 g" M0 U7 _$ f1 v未公开函数DhcpNotifyConfigChange位于 dhcpcsvc.dll中,原型如下: BOOL DhcpNotifyConfigChange(; r* |# l/ n2 D& a8 V
LPWSTR lpwszServerName, // 本地机器为NULL
3 i( ~- I% U1 C$ O( Y$ n( q3 l5 m LPWSTR lpwszAdapterName, // 适配器名称& f. Z3 s! }0 N2 Q
BOOL bNewIpAddress, // TRUE表示更改IP
6 M6 H1 x% P9 d# n1 l DWORD dwIpIndex, // 指明第几个IP地址,如果只有该接口只有一个IP地址则为0, p( n S* R# A! |/ g
DWORD dwIpAddress, // IP地址$ R8 i3 D9 b L: F- \
DWORD dwSubNetMask, // 子网掩码
0 o' w! k- b5 ^' B# R int nDhcpAction ); // 对DHCP的操作 0:不修改, 1:启用 DHCP,2:禁用 DHCP
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) ~9 y( g. R ~, `具体调用代码如下: BOOL NotifyIPChange(LPCTSTR lpszAdapterName, int nIndex, LPCTSTR pIPAddress, LPCTSTR pNetMask)
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7 i0 }0 o s5 B4 _" `0 n4 U4 _ BOOL bResult = FALSE;
- M. o) _: K9 g/ F HINSTANCE hDhcpDll;- Z8 F/ R- q; s4 U
DHCPNOTIFYPROC pDhcpNotifyProc;
* e. M, W& Z: H1 \2 | WCHAR wcAdapterName[256];
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MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0, lpszAdapterName, -1, wcAdapterName,256);) W7 T$ {1 G8 U+ E- z
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if((hDhcpDll = LoadLibrary("dhcpcsvc")) == NULL)1 z. o: i7 d2 p- c5 A8 o
return FALSE;
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if((pDhcpNotifyProc = (DHCPNOTIFYPROC)GetProcAddress(hDhcpDll, "DhcpNotifyConfigChange")) != NULL)( Y$ I& l# Z) D( i. m% B
if((pDhcpNotifyProc)(NULL, wcAdapterName, TRUE, nIndex, inet_addr(pIPAddress), inet_addr(pNetMask), 0) == ERROR_SUCCESS)
, ?; V$ ?0 L6 [# h8 @9 E bResult = TRUE;
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& l, D$ I {% s# `$ |7 o FreeLibrary(hDhcpDll);" j8 {4 p. z; S" r
return bResult;
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