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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)" |- b0 `- ~! [2 A+ T5 j" U3 K$ J
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2 H" A! Q) h9 {6 l0 r5 o BWMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)4 m! t, I# v' N' o6 @" B/ @
通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
. i( x5 `2 R4 b1 o( k' A- w6 k 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
# A# F" e. ^0 \1 l& K+ b" E* t 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 + ~ A; A9 U. B3 E6 B$ B/ Y) M! Q
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- z1 A* `" `* O6 I) a' pBCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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1 C$ m* l, p2 T+ |① 初始化 COM 接口:
) b: F$ {. \* o& v* n 访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。
4 c6 C) }: g8 A# b5 [/ y 这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。* d+ j$ O+ A- c( T% F3 Z
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② 获取访问 WMI 权限:; Z1 @' R- d+ `& ]
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
& v! F( Q" T$ R, F) t6 A2 u# c 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:. u* Q/ A, L# e- U" I. n
这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。7 G* m9 v, ^# T$ a4 N' @. x
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void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)6 `& N* X6 L$ X6 w5 S
{
+ f1 m) i9 J" W- H2 n+ J: E" }* `8 N IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
' j. ^+ u& [8 o8 E; W if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
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IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
/ X8 K. f, p* S9 P/ { b# s WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
/ |# {) `2 T# q% p& J if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)5 t( v. h* I1 {; T
{
- b2 \9 C+ @# a# c W IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;) s7 Q$ U' J) N4 }' x. p- G
WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;" l, ~# X# r6 `6 X' t
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;7 x0 ^! Z0 | x; ?2 T: q' U6 d6 j
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;) v: F& j# `8 u+ N C' j+ Y
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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* Z5 i, @; \( e6 Q' B int iEnumIdx = 0;
% a3 E9 [/ g' g; ]1 o while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)6 X+ T9 P* Z0 N# K
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lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");5 Y* P( [( O1 a1 p9 g( W3 \
$ b9 b8 O1 D) v! s$ C- F. M, S SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;0 d3 a. W. I( b- m' p
if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK) i0 C; L6 C2 e/ H
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long vbl, vbu;
( W: q1 J% }' Y+ k; l; a2 h SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);. E3 F, r: ]: W6 |! r) L) m' B& h
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
& b! T3 D; D" N for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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long aidx = idx;
3 c5 D: m* U/ z8 h2 r wchar_t *wsName = 0;2 U) u2 @: @, t2 m, c
VARIANT vValue;
0 q8 y: F4 V" @' w! Q+ m5 {6 O VariantInit(&vValue);4 J# ]$ ^8 A! ~" A& Z2 b; Y* v
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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, f2 b2 f# @+ n8 D2 F BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);% t8 g, ?! [" q/ O: g/ X- X3 u: X! G
HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);/ ~' D9 E% t& A' [
SysFreeString(bs);
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# S0 A( x, i3 x3 o, E0 w9 K if(hRes == S_OK) O+ a! q9 y1 m0 X, a
{
d4 p: I+ ~/ u9 b AnsiString s;& V1 H# ?$ a; m2 Y) o
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;0 I0 ^3 p. g. |& E. _
if(v.IsArray())+ y2 e# u: i+ b' ^; O9 o* h4 m' p
{
( Z0 z0 r/ l. {, h6 Z for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
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( H9 ^* ?8 u: ^6 d$ M; y Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
: v7 u- ?0 |9 Y7 a7 M+ h5 n if(!s.IsEmpty())7 Y- V; A: L ^5 ]( q
s+=", ";
/ P3 p t8 y4 Z. D s+=VarToStr(a);: h% N6 R% ~2 n
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}
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: L' U: O, [* F! ` s = VarToStr(v);
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$ H% B1 B0 ?5 N' D lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);3 `* t$ Q k/ d) N G
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" o4 X9 d: @8 c S/ e6 g2 f VariantClear(&vValue);
4 l; h. C: A+ I SysFreeString(wsName);
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
7 k+ ^) {1 U- i8 j iEnumIdx++;, R/ H! f! d4 o! b
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();+ ?# ]2 q8 T5 y# T
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if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();& K% L! [, j# V* L9 ?+ d! [' A8 M7 Q
}
) _1 y( m% b2 i0 J5 S! L( { if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();
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. Z' b1 E! L/ X# L" M if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();) Q2 X0 P. H2 {2 k+ k8 t
}
# U" L2 T$ Z8 A3 I! b7 p, J, y# [//---------------------------------------------------------------------------, B2 d' S" w1 e/ D2 m2 h$ _
. Y1 }. C9 d( K5 a7 Y// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
( d9 |* n* i& m7 xvoid __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
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% L" z4 w, B% E0 n2 S$ O Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");9 d# r, ^7 P$ x
GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:( V1 H* k. S& L
Win32_1394Controller
4 W; ~& i/ j8 N% r/ S Win32_BaseBoard
* `6 o7 [& f) o, g9 ~ Win32_Battery
; c; ~! G9 I+ n! S. S* p( S Win32_BIOS
. B1 N" X p5 y3 i$ Z; _ Win32_Bus9 Y& |9 K" ]7 f" u5 a
Win32_CacheMemory y4 N( N8 Q- K1 B" `# C# S; b
Win32_CDROMDrive5 u0 Z7 g, p8 p6 v
Win32_CurrentProbe
4 R. \& [; e6 h6 \ Win32_DesktopMonitor8 k# i1 B9 M* A
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
B/ P) z$ X% X# ?9 `/ L Win32_DiskDrive7 Z2 `" k0 M1 s. P% \0 |" o( ]3 F8 _, v
Win32_DisplayConfiguration3 z$ d) e. r- o J& S. o
Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
7 p+ {/ }, C7 _; n0 \) W% J Win32_DMAChannel
9 R- ^$ c. Q' e9 L( b( @ Win32_Fan* G% h- q. ]1 @ c+ @
Win32_FloppyController
+ `8 C- ]1 ~( A( \ Win32_FloppyDrive# j- c. x6 a( a9 y' k/ ?
Win32_HeatPipe7 o6 H. E" @2 q1 }4 ^
Win32_IDEController1 _& [- `3 ^- L/ c {6 \
Win32_InfraredDevice
+ z+ I* S. V' T" k6 d: ~ i1 [! w Win32_IRQResource' O4 I8 o4 F+ o- x" M( s" P
Win32_Keyboard
F! ^- d6 D$ f( H7 B% y i7 q Win32_MemoryArray
7 e s0 P: | Y7 B5 ? Win32_MemoryDevice9 H: d! G$ g% O& p
Win32_MotherboardDevice/ b! V' r9 m: \/ G, z
Win32_NetworkAdapter& ]: F: h4 w0 t5 R' V
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
( |( z$ o# R: ?! C- j G6 O1 v* a Win32_OnBoardDevice5 R0 e( ~. `: t; C0 M" {! p, g# l
Win32_ParallelPort! g8 D/ B7 V0 M: }
Win32_PCMCIAController. u4 Y9 @2 ~, ~6 l, @
Win32_PhysicalMemory( L" j# b$ Z( i: J
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray% B* C( L/ e2 ^( c1 \* q
Win32_PnPEntity; g* j; p0 D2 V( n/ A! d4 ]- m
Win32_PointingDevice2 t& x5 t/ M q& Q& c' \# D, P" o
Win32_PortableBattery" ]3 y6 V/ U* S- g* o2 p
Win32_PortConnector4 @0 f% j& k" V6 Q8 v/ n
Win32_PortResource8 G/ _, g/ A n( f9 J4 X
Win32_POTSModem( q; A& O( Y' u* y# Z
Win32_PowerManagementEvent- g/ ]# a( V4 `' B$ G0 ^
Win32_Printer$ `( [/ Q7 }; h/ `
Win32_PrinterConfiguration
& ]. U- q( ~* h7 D3 ]1 U Win32_PrintJob. }# n4 A* M4 K
Win32_Processor
- ~- B- X7 U% Y8 a9 }8 O9 F Win32_Refrigeration: P4 q' \. w0 |. i: u
Win32_SerialPort
; F8 d% q9 P9 `2 s: n0 P2 B Win32_SerialPortConfiguration# Y( r' Y6 O+ r' K) ?
Win32_SMBIOSMemory
7 Q# D4 _) `% Q B Win32_SoundDevice
; r- W9 Q' O! c) q" t Win32_SystemEnclosure
( K# @8 D. `- ^. q0 c$ a Win32_SystemMemoryResource
! V% ^4 {* q: n) _9 n Win32_SystemSlot8 L( I( q0 D+ b* x
Win32_TapeDrive
( i7 f+ B, g" O. ? Win32_TemperatureProbe
! D+ M+ }% g5 V( e% o3 D ?3 i* M Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply5 b: u7 Y- u$ s( @# A
Win32_USBController
/ K# \! g7 F: L: ] Win32_VideoConfiguration$ s: z( {! O$ |4 f7 O) U* w0 R+ A
Win32_VideoController* ]8 z0 Q- w1 G2 b( I" l
Win32_VoltageProbe9 J- o- Z# \- e8 }* F# R; B; e
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以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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