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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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6 A: v9 A% O/ L/ }5 ]WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
8 f. M/ B+ H% x# n& l0 J 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
3 |7 B( R2 Y6 r( I8 | 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
; q5 ]. W% g! K. ~ 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。
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( b$ I# W6 H8 [3 B2 ]) E A# o- LBCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面( W5 e! E% x4 r# o$ x& w
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9 G6 J- ]% T3 h+ P* K① 初始化 COM 接口:
0 M8 T- b; r/ q; P" B) K7 K 访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。, O1 ]1 G6 h6 {9 F# ?4 j6 F
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。
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4 c$ f# {4 ^% l' m$ C② 获取访问 WMI 权限:
4 w, U! b1 L) t' l CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
, J0 P( s; k9 E0 j 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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. N/ u1 D& C, g$ L4 ]/ z③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
9 C9 C/ u$ W3 }. ~8 W* X3 D 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
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void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass) n- g( j' a5 m) `$ B& z
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IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;. z0 b) n) ]! J+ v. K3 r9 n+ c \9 l
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
" ^1 U( Z( Z2 e( k v6 o) Z* e2 `0 S) O {
: U z; L2 I) N2 q3 @* b- Q IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
. ^% N _$ e! E; R; a$ q2 G WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");" j5 h. J; ?6 ^! Y8 K( b9 D( \, m
if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
j) u- y9 {/ O* y* r) @* Q WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;
! K. r3 r1 @6 Z, A- a if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
8 ~# Z0 e" h; }0 Z ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;( O \+ [3 n& H7 O/ P
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK), r; C; j$ `$ ~3 r% M1 L, d+ p% C
{
6 I/ }3 b' H0 Z, ^8 e2 g int iEnumIdx = 0;& o) Q! S2 K$ B, g% T2 D+ N
while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)% ?4 @3 M- s% f& T& N8 T
{
* I( V/ F: r5 d u3 e' ? lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");
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SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
Z/ n+ }; b+ \8 n9 M# i7 i/ Q$ \: e if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK), \/ {9 S' Y! K; P: p. b
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long vbl, vbu;" G! |5 p4 h3 e5 H: W d' A" G1 @5 R7 U
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
+ l$ \7 j7 U! D5 Z( E2 X4 I SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
2 }2 W& g" U9 o5 S5 v* }; Y! E6 H* Q for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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* O$ j' ]" h. F" ?+ x# r" H1 K long aidx = idx;
, f! \4 P- m- b: n9 v wchar_t *wsName = 0;# O1 s3 ^9 ?, H! g" G
VARIANT vValue;
- t( c. U- q4 y/ f VariantInit(&vValue);" x' o' y- L0 m
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
6 X( U) q% b0 S |6 r# e HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
- }3 p8 B1 s% b/ _ SysFreeString(bs);
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b6 A" {6 R# l5 T# t: e if(hRes == S_OK)
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AnsiString s;* ]* |' h1 f, [ d% y8 p: `% I3 S
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;. E+ f$ R( T4 v) i) H
if(v.IsArray())
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: I- @5 {. R& E$ E3 t. @ for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++); X$ J# Y7 r# ]0 Q/ e* J6 E
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
' r) q8 R1 w& }* r5 y: B5 l if(!s.IsEmpty())
, m7 O7 m. v7 v) j" c* G# X s+=", ";
5 b. v0 l3 r3 j' g5 g3 P% V7 e s+=VarToStr(a);9 H" e8 ?$ }8 @, E, c: D a7 G
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}
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{
; B, H1 r; C+ M" T" P: f7 } s = VarToStr(v);) m' w$ p+ f7 i
}
8 \+ F* R0 w$ q7 ]: L. x lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);+ N: G, p3 W0 Q( b; x" w
}
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VariantClear(&vValue);9 a$ Z; A0 Y5 m. Z2 `3 [
SysFreeString(wsName);
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}
2 m% s/ t* Z; X% }, i" \0 E) O if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
! p h9 u4 a# b8 A# z$ P iEnumIdx++;; v: G5 V5 G% u% K
}
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- Y! |, S- P Q$ ]. \ if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();9 l% x: E. {9 p: b0 ]
}
2 ], g& X9 H6 ~5 Q! }$ L$ y* X. k if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();4 X. d+ ~% x; U, @$ X
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();+ n, V3 x( E! b1 z* g9 u, [ n: W
}
! R8 ]: Q% U/ P& F- z if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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% c9 J2 t, v1 P# P4 e* f6 ~// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:6 C3 @% q5 F* b$ [/ W$ {' J
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)3 ^5 A: I* o9 O% T. V$ W
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");: G T8 f0 c) N/ ]
GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");5 L4 T# }' S- J+ l& x% J2 k
Memo1->Lines->Add("");( Z1 Q) T" m( J( f t( x6 [
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:! |6 T8 k) U r* a5 l3 I) N0 e: W3 C
Win32_1394Controller
* Z+ e% l: [. O0 z, y ~1 \ Win32_BaseBoard
* X+ H/ j5 z/ }4 h' [2 Y' T! ` Win32_Battery5 |/ `! a( m2 X, c5 j. o- J
Win32_BIOS
) @6 r7 O6 I# p! e. J: N Win32_Bus
: s u: m- G1 N/ U; v$ j/ y Win32_CacheMemory
' e: O+ M; j6 s. L% C* ]/ n Win32_CDROMDrive
g, a- T. G! |+ U& l8 ? Win32_CurrentProbe
+ S3 a0 h+ r. T; A Win32_DesktopMonitor$ C' e& v- \6 X$ O+ m
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
+ i6 Z% m- U2 b. ~1 U Win32_DiskDrive+ B( O! a& `8 }: X9 G4 _" o. o
Win32_DisplayConfiguration: V$ o* x2 o9 C# e
Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
2 q0 h! i5 W; m3 K" i+ p Win32_DMAChannel
& ?5 }8 q3 {# u7 i5 Y2 V7 n Win32_Fan
. l; W& `/ j( \, a7 w Win32_FloppyController) E) P/ B& Y1 S- g
Win32_FloppyDrive
9 k2 h7 g* j& ^; J Win32_HeatPipe
5 n; L7 g+ p- {' x7 s Win32_IDEController- z7 c& {: \+ H+ F8 U& ~6 N
Win32_InfraredDevice
* s9 z8 k: `2 d8 b X) K. f- \9 ` Win32_IRQResource# \ d6 d9 L$ j/ T8 ~* G% H
Win32_Keyboard
2 Z: c; B1 l8 g- g9 h- P Win32_MemoryArray
- H) A9 X& i- C! U O7 [# [ Win32_MemoryDevice) ?$ S9 T/ ~5 J$ c. f8 {
Win32_MotherboardDevice- ~4 S: E. V2 B- t v
Win32_NetworkAdapter, s% Q( X3 G0 q+ {
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
, `# h# G" u8 T T Win32_OnBoardDevice
, W+ a) t5 n9 D' d Win32_ParallelPort
T h! c1 e7 y7 g# ~% W Win32_PCMCIAController
, b; u( H0 h/ v7 \4 Q) G( V+ L/ H* | Win32_PhysicalMemory
0 Z: k, O9 ~( ?& v& s4 Y Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray9 i" R* V' U8 m* h+ ?. i: Q! u" R
Win32_PnPEntity
$ D& b, |6 r$ ^2 J& U' @ Win32_PointingDevice
/ B0 A5 h1 s( H5 d5 A Win32_PortableBattery* t/ A0 v8 s7 I" s. |6 g) S
Win32_PortConnector
/ i5 s$ H2 O$ k. p0 z3 t* w Win32_PortResource
/ T0 L7 L& Q k1 @ X Win32_POTSModem
0 z8 F8 Z2 ?2 s# p7 S+ `6 a Win32_PowerManagementEvent& u% i- A4 ?$ a! X1 q
Win32_Printer
) v8 u: Z1 ]6 G2 @! a- ~- [4 i: K Win32_PrinterConfiguration
+ x8 r# ~6 A2 ~9 |. S& W* ]+ E Win32_PrintJob
$ N( C; l( r; T9 g8 S Win32_Processor
' J+ [4 ~9 t# H0 X1 B7 j8 e2 g5 f7 r Win32_Refrigeration
. |+ M% l+ ] \ Win32_SerialPort
9 H' i1 p0 U3 o Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
7 l5 M$ P" i. _) L Win32_SMBIOSMemory$ b- X {. d, i5 V
Win32_SoundDevice- m0 Y3 ]$ V! m9 V" W0 k" ^) Q
Win32_SystemEnclosure
/ i8 O: H; p6 D# | Win32_SystemMemoryResource
1 ?. Z2 [0 A7 V7 R0 k/ s5 S& y" R Win32_SystemSlot* q: X7 g$ r3 J7 x
Win32_TapeDrive
( C. g- P* F+ l" L0 Y* i1 m5 L Win32_TemperatureProbe, f3 O* B8 A, D n7 y$ @: g" f
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply
' S8 r' I) y' S1 L' Q5 u Win32_USBController
) B: T, @$ |9 Q, }+ u Win32_VideoConfiguration
+ w7 F" f' A. O9 T Win32_VideoController6 {* D8 y: K4 H+ j( @
Win32_VoltageProbe
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" `& i a5 G% A, P) N以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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