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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)- g3 D& v1 j. E$ M/ j8 B
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% G- m7 ]) V1 C$ p5 N$ r% `; eWMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
# J) j* s( T/ O6 H 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
6 j2 y6 \. X I2 T2 G 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
! q% z r4 I9 U& j a& r: F5 M 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。
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* n: Z: ~5 ?& n7 r: iBCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面$ ^& D1 I9 z. i# q% E1 [
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~$ N+ i8 g, _* W4 i① 初始化 COM 接口:
+ n3 n W5 ^/ w6 ?6 V5 o! O; A 访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。- d' R) c- Q0 `3 v$ [& o4 o* Z2 I( ^
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。* ?9 |8 `. ~/ N9 e( @
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② 获取访问 WMI 权限:! |# d! O0 T2 u" O
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);" x% k! |$ p, s, Z; X3 B
如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
$ N( x6 o9 V1 z* B 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。) i; e2 K7 I9 g4 {2 @
) z0 f2 n8 J4 I9 M7 }void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)8 w4 J+ k# \! s4 p4 s
{
9 _3 _4 I: K% \6 }/ u( r: g/ X IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
+ M9 J/ }$ q! L' r6 c if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
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IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;! t, h( Q4 G( T4 j) }
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2"); M! V5 Z# E' [. Y3 r, J, P
if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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; J' k7 o. q$ Z IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
% B" F) c( \+ e8 ? WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;& e# d: Y( ^6 K% P
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)4 W4 X7 ^! W. d! c: {
{
0 P2 ~$ W/ h+ } IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
8 t& [: D6 p3 b: X ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;
7 i% S3 d" x- v1 C" ~ if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)' O3 W0 L: c2 j4 Y1 V3 _
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int iEnumIdx = 0;, q1 {1 [7 x9 Z: z
while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)% d! N4 {2 P3 a$ j! g, H
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lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");7 t2 V( L; m: D$ \+ \% J, `) U. u
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SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;3 J' W1 a7 s" n4 n( e: f: J
if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)1 U0 e) @* d: i8 {- `
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long vbl, vbu;# f# {; V8 y" v) E d& a
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
, {4 t; Q; b% d- z SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
y. e+ H6 h# P* |8 l2 n for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)( ^2 c. b+ E- K4 P b0 a( l
{
5 u0 }! P+ C f2 S | long aidx = idx;
) r$ Y5 [( ^/ s) I& S ? wchar_t *wsName = 0;, G7 z0 O( C2 X6 d
VARIANT vValue;5 c& U/ ~7 z; p8 \5 ]& Y
VariantInit(&vValue);/ M* v ? S2 T( L1 {3 ]3 O
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);) a- C; Z. O- X
_- c9 I: F6 t! W BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);3 O9 b4 `4 F* b2 {" [
HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);& k2 x9 O$ o2 I: p
SysFreeString(bs);
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w- u A3 S, k+ [/ e# q* r) H if(hRes == S_OK)4 ?- F8 B T+ \. F/ `
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AnsiString s;
% I& ?" j0 d8 ~# r( N1 J% w, i Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
$ ]0 [2 j; E- O+ V/ x+ |, p if(v.IsArray())% v" M9 p9 j |/ H
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++), b+ a! v, C. c
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);3 z( f, E7 ?( }. k; E, g z# E
if(!s.IsEmpty())
0 ?: a3 Y; j, j3 I$ J s+=", ";
R/ m$ A- r3 R/ X; x/ s" O s+=VarToStr(a);
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}
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{
6 q' q6 b9 I+ Y( I9 V9 Q7 X) C! g s = VarToStr(v);
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9 H7 a& a! N) G1 G& h6 q lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
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% Z2 N1 l( f$ F ^* m VariantClear(&vValue);
: x% \; G. f) u SysFreeString(wsName);
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! R0 P& X0 x: B1 a9 _" k if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);, @' a3 s/ k q* s* T
iEnumIdx++;+ k* t) g0 Y' o! v$ y; [1 J
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();
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if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();7 H9 v! D1 _, b8 `# g- h. Q7 z
}
- U7 c# q' R3 C# D y1 ]4 V if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();
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8 u3 M# \& U1 ^6 T; s if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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& J( [7 F- H4 J//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
9 P% K5 t1 h" zvoid __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");, d* r" [) Q' T" n5 d. w; P. W
GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
& D0 o9 B/ F: a5 G8 G- `; B7 b0 x/ ` Memo1->Lines->Add("");6 \: |& M) Y- G: s1 h# e# E/ G( R
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0 R: N6 N2 T, s' r' X2 W- ZWMI 可以访问的信息类型有:$ U* J9 H3 [# W/ F. R
Win32_1394Controller
: ^0 e5 w, I2 ]$ ?3 \$ Z' N* z Win32_BaseBoard
0 M$ K. J' |8 G, @9 h8 C Win32_Battery
0 d5 t0 {5 r6 z7 g+ A5 D/ ^+ N Win32_BIOS
7 h5 Z5 L1 V0 X B Win32_Bus8 A' }& A* \8 q# [+ ]3 u
Win32_CacheMemory
3 Q Q) e. Z8 _ Win32_CDROMDrive& i+ M/ w- d% F1 T2 Y& C
Win32_CurrentProbe" f9 J! g9 S# t8 o
Win32_DesktopMonitor
& m% w4 N' q0 u! A8 u2 M( t Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
3 o* E. I8 N4 C2 ]" ]$ @/ m Win32_DiskDrive" b9 z' e8 w8 b6 b1 ], j4 L
Win32_DisplayConfiguration
9 G/ h! a! y$ e. D; ?' F$ D- D, _; `- f+ M Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
7 F# d/ C5 i# D. H1 u Win32_DMAChannel& d8 x e3 y: R# ?6 ?4 ?! { z) l
Win32_Fan
1 h$ U5 R: d/ ~+ ~ Win32_FloppyController3 N5 d% \) I5 F9 _
Win32_FloppyDrive( i! m0 M3 `9 j
Win32_HeatPipe1 @+ X% w0 z1 c0 u4 ^7 N
Win32_IDEController
' g9 P% E" o3 [$ h; [+ F Win32_InfraredDevice
2 s" v Z3 R x! q Win32_IRQResource2 V8 b) O% D# Z/ T* S" V# J
Win32_Keyboard' f4 H- {7 p, [# F
Win32_MemoryArray
& y1 y; n$ H3 }: o D2 p Win32_MemoryDevice' a( C$ p# G% M1 E- {$ ~+ v
Win32_MotherboardDevice1 d- b2 V, q# u: b- F1 ]! t+ ~
Win32_NetworkAdapter. S& q) N% ]3 j& v, U
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration) e4 Q8 m9 A! U; k% }
Win32_OnBoardDevice
3 c% | R& E7 i% k Win32_ParallelPort/ I/ }: i; N# Q
Win32_PCMCIAController
: S( }! b9 h# T# p* `& r Win32_PhysicalMemory l5 ?3 i2 @8 Q% P" {2 K
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray, ~7 ^( `) T: M! {& ~) v7 h
Win32_PnPEntity0 s3 ]! H* C: G" R0 @5 Z3 l/ o$ R! _
Win32_PointingDevice) L* i1 ] h1 M1 k0 a1 v
Win32_PortableBattery+ H1 @/ F+ U$ S6 U3 a
Win32_PortConnector
& w% T6 P7 T( B+ `$ C2 t/ @7 h$ B Win32_PortResource: g# U2 b! T7 f4 W
Win32_POTSModem
5 g6 l5 P, \/ W, H9 n Win32_PowerManagementEvent, o# A5 R' k/ B ], Z+ l& z8 b$ U
Win32_Printer
# G8 l3 d1 M( w$ s Win32_PrinterConfiguration: T( D/ L0 k' A( y
Win32_PrintJob
5 k) K5 P& ~5 K Win32_Processor
% y- C6 b6 S2 v Win32_Refrigeration
. I* b/ x! ~- v Win32_SerialPort
4 s7 h6 C8 N6 i5 n$ {7 ? Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
! e7 T# B4 h1 E/ p Win32_SMBIOSMemory
Q# c6 r+ @$ ] Win32_SoundDevice* V2 B. P# H f+ l
Win32_SystemEnclosure
+ q3 ]- K4 a% ~ Win32_SystemMemoryResource3 L/ D' }. r/ I( u
Win32_SystemSlot! j$ ~" T% H" }2 u. k/ [
Win32_TapeDrive, A% `) b" O. x9 G! ~; t9 ?7 `. T3 L
Win32_TemperatureProbe
1 J5 N3 u& u% ~ J# q. e5 ` Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply
2 s$ G7 \' b @- ? Win32_USBController
* J! f; D# @: j/ X4 [0 Q Win32_VideoConfiguration! W" M* c/ S* _$ r% ], `3 ~
Win32_VideoController) m0 M/ h3 k' U
Win32_VoltageProbe% V# e" R+ L0 z- E% G1 Q
# L* h; J1 N$ F( q% b以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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