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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)6 n: G' ?$ M/ A
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- t5 E$ L8 {$ wWMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
; O/ C1 Q2 k6 f4 ]- x 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
7 B# M1 x% L- T- D. V# \ 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。5 A7 ~1 ?/ Y8 o# b3 }3 }" }; P
很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 ' t n D: q' j. P2 P: Q
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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* F/ P( @, E8 C/ | Y3 d① 初始化 COM 接口:8 o; _. ^+ c' E1 B6 e
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。
9 n1 M8 B4 K& K" V- B 这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。3 x0 H4 L4 D& e2 W
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② 获取访问 WMI 权限:
0 D7 l9 E0 ^0 }+ E% W CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
$ R9 i9 }1 @8 D8 U) Q 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:, g. V6 \ I S- V1 n1 N& M
这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。+ Q4 ~3 ^( `2 t' f. C; r
" d6 h6 s1 w9 K( v# A( t; bvoid GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)9 x3 d" t, p4 u! y0 X! \' k# K
{
* v& h" C1 r+ m IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;# e# I0 ~$ ` ]( a8 j! r& L
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
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$ J& m- K1 n" M$ u9 W! T5 M IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;; C3 w# T( `' E& r2 m
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
% c7 Y( R# s5 J6 }* S+ P0 K if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)' S; Q- \% U$ N; s: R
{
0 l7 Z( x1 d! b; r$ Z' i IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
: O' a4 O; Z/ i8 d/ S! ` WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;
5 @8 I& F# ]+ S, _$ Q* f& x" K; S if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK); D- q+ M9 _- ?! Y, }
{
5 k4 l0 Y0 o+ C& u7 }' Q7 `& r6 p IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;4 L: e- y2 ]$ r2 _9 `, O* f+ o
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;& t$ L4 \0 G T% z5 {- F) v
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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int iEnumIdx = 0;
, m/ f5 D7 n& q q0 D0 x6 w while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");% W" [$ K: h0 k6 J2 \0 A
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SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
1 S. D7 l# W/ W" \' y# N if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK), l4 x) _/ K- x4 F* _$ F, b
{
9 h6 {9 F1 v+ C long vbl, vbu;7 l6 d# Y! }/ s6 w9 c
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);, [3 o1 R4 D6 V7 t
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
, h; h- ]3 W) }# } K: h- Q( ^ for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)$ K% w; g$ D. O% ], ^; f5 `
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long aidx = idx;
8 D ] P6 m$ T5 @& | wchar_t *wsName = 0;8 t" I3 q3 A) U$ C
VARIANT vValue;% z* Q' V9 e# b5 I" v7 Q. `
VariantInit(&vValue);# a- O- G5 |1 D' a; H
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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' s# { y: `# A BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
' i u$ ~8 J% F ]! M9 k HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);2 \( r& S- h: p8 L$ l8 P
SysFreeString(bs);" u! a5 A5 s4 u+ c8 C) |% r
. q; |, z; ^# [ if(hRes == S_OK)
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* w$ g" N) P/ h& J' \ AnsiString s;
' q L* u1 _/ M0 X% m Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;" G$ f% @1 A) f. B. i9 E! @; F
if(v.IsArray())
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)6 e: r: f9 A) }- x f- h! V
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
: R: M6 ?* i% l% q0 ^: T if(!s.IsEmpty())% J/ |* w5 N9 U1 @" n0 c
s+=", ";/ I8 |' W- G, x6 ~7 R/ f% J, R
s+=VarToStr(a);$ k5 N3 X5 d* c" _) n) n7 C
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}
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s = VarToStr(v);
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6 F. p( w' M8 T& K: T lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
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# D! u& `+ B& l7 h- ~$ T3 i VariantClear(&vValue);2 s0 K6 R. O( q
SysFreeString(wsName);
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);0 s% l9 T6 D7 J
iEnumIdx++; B$ d% h; c# E- y7 R) o
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();& y& I4 Q( P& d8 p; K5 l0 U3 P
}
4 t0 |" X/ |6 V ?$ ^: s% I if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();! c1 V& A7 k& {+ Y
}
, G8 f9 w+ q2 ?% n4 C if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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* m9 U' G1 C& s# M1 k// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:$ E6 T: i7 _# U! d1 z1 R0 ~
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)2 H, T$ H- ^, G# U" l
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
6 }, z2 Q+ J) W$ v. n GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
+ n9 M6 U( v7 `0 x3 H6 g Memo1->Lines->Add("");1 t! z% w4 y) [7 v* ]- Y
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, \; } M5 C; Y, IWMI 可以访问的信息类型有:
8 h8 P' f2 ]8 k6 F, j, F$ y Win32_1394Controller
) z9 _3 ], }. G% N Win32_BaseBoard
; f; I. C4 ^+ d% t8 A, ?8 G Win32_Battery6 Q: i! u8 G b9 d7 c/ X
Win32_BIOS$ a+ w' b/ b0 ]) ?. ]3 @ j1 ?0 c
Win32_Bus
- _6 z" @+ G9 ] Win32_CacheMemory
" ]3 g! Q5 M) r5 B1 x: H Win32_CDROMDrive1 i6 Z7 G6 z+ u% U
Win32_CurrentProbe6 p8 i$ _5 s+ E& v" `
Win32_DesktopMonitor
! Z8 B! z- O' T1 `. Q, e+ @2 U2 k Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
5 K/ i5 I! x$ x2 g h Win32_DiskDrive5 X, F4 W/ |9 ]3 @5 k
Win32_DisplayConfiguration
! m* [: r/ }6 U9 O6 J! h Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration6 y0 B3 [1 c& F/ u
Win32_DMAChannel+ g+ n. O, b m8 x7 F+ j6 C3 S
Win32_Fan
2 U9 S- L* e* H& n& B Win32_FloppyController
2 z+ J2 f' M3 d4 P2 E6 C g4 t Win32_FloppyDrive
/ X+ \/ }$ ?8 X2 g/ K Win32_HeatPipe
; C- t% S2 K0 y) d" ^4 v% N Win32_IDEController# K% u; i: w" {7 ^$ x+ d
Win32_InfraredDevice
/ g. p/ o" R3 s% T0 _+ Z$ t Win32_IRQResource
% l5 Z8 B7 c' |& s) L& H Win32_Keyboard
4 K* r) `0 E* o Win32_MemoryArray
9 S, k- H& v) B, s Win32_MemoryDevice
1 E# X* S# e) u; p7 z Win32_MotherboardDevice
$ R1 B( x- y4 [$ j# Z Win32_NetworkAdapter6 b. u* h( C' ~ N, U1 G
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
% i- n. t9 t. G$ z& @' o& V Win32_OnBoardDevice* [. u3 j# u# d+ o& R& e
Win32_ParallelPort% [" V+ i/ _( |' r
Win32_PCMCIAController X* q, a, a1 A/ S5 ?. x
Win32_PhysicalMemory
$ d- @ F; O5 z* o- p o1 P' F Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray
3 o' T. c t: _, R/ \ Win32_PnPEntity
9 z) h. Z2 C: d& a Win32_PointingDevice
1 K9 c3 D K# d D3 U( v+ C* Q' t Win32_PortableBattery8 w" z- v8 w* O$ d2 [" S
Win32_PortConnector
, J6 ^' q& l4 R: o. B5 T. ~ Win32_PortResource, L" W3 N/ I5 e, f: b% d
Win32_POTSModem
6 P! `, U: F" \) G8 m. j& Q Win32_PowerManagementEvent1 d6 S/ ^% h" }' ?3 z
Win32_Printer( _/ R$ t$ k3 n
Win32_PrinterConfiguration3 v5 h0 u8 Z% h& G2 v2 Y0 L
Win32_PrintJob
0 ^2 g, P4 X$ P; ~2 D Win32_Processor+ ^" U6 D5 p; o u" a1 C" N( z
Win32_Refrigeration
' S: g, ^3 W$ d- r+ Z Win32_SerialPort E8 E2 W) \) C T; [) E6 N) l
Win32_SerialPortConfiguration; a3 b* E, Y- H- M
Win32_SMBIOSMemory
9 C- n. P( x1 E. Q* k Win32_SoundDevice4 V& j2 c# v& s3 x) l0 `
Win32_SystemEnclosure' C( S2 I5 e9 x
Win32_SystemMemoryResource4 j1 k! s8 N7 H2 _! q: i
Win32_SystemSlot2 | Z! q3 ~2 B1 w" g" y6 q
Win32_TapeDrive
- m: W: m" T0 I7 b3 e. [# g$ H Win32_TemperatureProbe0 C% r' ?( r0 {0 G' Z
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply+ ~& _1 i6 g& e( J' c0 h- m, p* ]
Win32_USBController
, d4 f" q, D9 B* b Win32_VideoConfiguration
# z8 w D- T# w( y Win32_VideoController- m$ J8 ?/ G+ P: I
Win32_VoltageProbe+ t, D) @# e# J- m( v. e3 Z2 s
Y3 G: B& E5 t# y以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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