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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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+ y4 _% R- z7 dWMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
0 b8 e$ A9 I. c( p. e 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。 6 C/ ]+ D2 |2 \2 x4 ~; D* C& L
利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。+ N8 e4 @; p0 r% }& }
很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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① 初始化 COM 接口:3 h# U4 n* Z' F" Z; _7 X/ ^+ t2 W
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。( G7 W* ^" D+ j0 v( z1 Q/ O
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。
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② 获取访问 WMI 权限:
2 Q- @3 f0 h# F! `7 S CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
1 u, m- W, r5 F( v' j 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
; @1 k% K/ c$ P9 J 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
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) Q+ C- f" e- m! }' d' G0 k8 uvoid GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)
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IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;7 ^4 l& n8 H. a. B
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)0 i3 Q p3 G, Z- D5 E
{
4 s8 d3 @/ z2 R+ s IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
) Q0 @' E& V8 g+ a3 E WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
/ s, L- p h0 m# L6 I( }$ ]1 N; n if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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! L$ Y, g& Z' H0 A IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;5 l# f' F; t- e6 X3 `) `/ x( Y
WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;* e3 O5 h/ k& Z( K" m* S" X
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK); q) S2 G L( }2 @- Z5 B
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;! j' u" ^5 y2 ]% a+ W" @. b: j: U- y
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;
, c; Z2 r) I/ [' @ if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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int iEnumIdx = 0;
2 H5 c- @- B0 z while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");$ D; D k- U$ S s5 Y3 q( A3 p( r
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SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
3 c* ^5 A5 Z" H* P1 H if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)
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6 i" w4 E5 k: y% G1 l& d) w% S long vbl, vbu;
3 y: m* ~% [/ Y. K; q/ d6 g SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);' J7 R5 b8 Q9 B# x, I0 Y
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
7 S5 A5 h/ f# w$ `, v( G* U8 | for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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long aidx = idx;
# h" J: @( F$ T! [6 k wchar_t *wsName = 0;
: x0 L1 q3 @! A* k VARIANT vValue;
( `+ a: n$ @2 y8 W" e2 c( _# Q VariantInit(&vValue);8 z' y) X$ B2 n, K+ U7 _) D! R
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
2 H( G$ D' Z1 n9 f HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
* u3 A' B" N a) I1 v5 i. H SysFreeString(bs);
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: k% h# j( J8 k( e if(hRes == S_OK); h2 Q9 N6 a- M0 l. m
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AnsiString s;! b' X9 y) U8 W' L1 d* P! f
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;* N* p4 j/ j! ^
if(v.IsArray())
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0 \9 m6 W, S1 V9 y8 @2 l1 z+ | for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)! B" C" x# H8 Q& v) @! N
{
+ M6 }9 u* u- _. f( O) Y# x Variant a = v.GetElement(i);; v5 {/ @& }5 G, h! B
if(!s.IsEmpty())& e8 l. t( d3 h6 o
s+=", "; }1 P: g/ h7 e$ J* g
s+=VarToStr(a);9 L& |. W. N' O" m+ f
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s = VarToStr(v);5 a5 w* U# |- M' `3 ^
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lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);9 q+ L7 v I6 ]8 c- B9 X1 O: H
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VariantClear(&vValue);
/ Q7 q* y5 a$ L4 N6 d9 u SysFreeString(wsName);
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}
' n0 Y4 d; K+ M) K# \0 r if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);/ Y, o1 B) g' |, D G" `5 E3 t
iEnumIdx++;/ e) r$ k0 t ?! i8 Q, ^- s+ A/ c
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();3 V+ `) K* L& o7 D" R7 Z( N
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if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();- ^3 ?8 I: N" K0 o6 k
}
& V# g9 d; R- d5 B4 s' D if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();0 y" @* k5 Q! ^' I0 w# K
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if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();7 `- {3 {9 N0 Z% n1 ?6 C' {
}
' r$ w4 `8 q) u- ^8 V, e//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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& F8 C: X) X8 o// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
1 X, M4 P/ N3 E4 [& |; f% \7 }void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
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5 |' K! N- t( o, K' u Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
8 I# T9 g7 _* }* h4 z GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
- v E& E( I8 t/ A" V* Q Memo1->Lines->Add("");
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:/ X6 ?9 Q! ?: r
Win32_1394Controller
( b/ `1 `0 Y/ }1 ~, F w Win32_BaseBoard& \" f+ [; {- H5 | x$ h. D
Win32_Battery
1 f {4 @; k3 u9 [6 l) O" m Win32_BIOS
% n: b& w5 K: S/ b% S! V% o) u Win32_Bus
8 K$ l6 X u' Q6 Q5 ^ Win32_CacheMemory
3 w+ h p& U0 I( ~ Win32_CDROMDrive4 h1 {' Q) w5 z' p7 d- P2 k& ^3 a
Win32_CurrentProbe
; s7 _+ S" x: y& L; P% O6 b1 g Win32_DesktopMonitor
3 Q" W' X( M: Q7 z9 ^4 P Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
8 s3 ~! n: d$ { Win32_DiskDrive b7 D- r1 u- O. s
Win32_DisplayConfiguration E4 f; Z6 g7 {' @% e1 T
Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration5 U9 z& V/ M/ j* Z4 e
Win32_DMAChannel
' @: o) c4 U- k: P8 F! V Win32_Fan" ~+ ^ O# J$ H
Win32_FloppyController, o$ Y6 k$ \4 A, d
Win32_FloppyDrive
+ G- ^3 v, Q9 `8 K Win32_HeatPipe
6 L( m2 j1 o" W: L/ C C2 c Win32_IDEController& E, b* ^) p- k2 e
Win32_InfraredDevice
( J% Q' r3 X- s& G, h# B Win32_IRQResource
1 ^, u3 R3 k3 M7 | Win32_Keyboard
. \' y! O$ D/ K Win32_MemoryArray9 d! h; g5 q$ L( ?9 z$ E
Win32_MemoryDevice: w0 e9 L& b8 \5 y, f
Win32_MotherboardDevice% C" a: M- w5 k/ A
Win32_NetworkAdapter( S+ M# Y- K! M8 F/ V* Z7 P Y
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
/ q" k2 b1 w5 D8 a- Z Y0 s Win32_OnBoardDevice/ S5 Q4 C, G) e
Win32_ParallelPort
; t: m. M4 t1 z2 F3 |: z/ G$ S3 ] Win32_PCMCIAController
8 T/ |8 W7 p. a0 ?* x3 k Win32_PhysicalMemory& t0 q- A# p' C0 T" D/ e* l j7 Z
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray3 z1 c2 c/ x y9 G1 I* G
Win32_PnPEntity
7 u$ ?! T6 W5 t. G' M8 ` Win32_PointingDevice
~4 c6 y- W/ c J1 Q9 {' d3 N# j Win32_PortableBattery
7 r" }% ^ M e$ H, y% ] Win32_PortConnector" c2 F( u9 p: N7 h* U b4 j
Win32_PortResource" a) }# k+ |0 N9 o0 U
Win32_POTSModem. s2 X: n+ {! J- {. t2 d
Win32_PowerManagementEvent8 \2 [9 Z5 a! k% B5 A% }
Win32_Printer5 h, D( l0 i% |; m, |; A
Win32_PrinterConfiguration
: b1 j5 B* u' e2 ]' x' l7 V Win32_PrintJob0 O* i% l' {# l7 a% i2 p
Win32_Processor
& X! w2 _" b! V Win32_Refrigeration" k! y) N& f2 E- i4 B) g- I
Win32_SerialPort
2 G' e: A3 G- A' ]* D( Y- Y. ^" D4 o Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
$ h3 b) T- ~$ Q$ Z Win32_SMBIOSMemory
- e% U U9 i1 N7 ]% B Win32_SoundDevice2 o* Z4 E- I+ r
Win32_SystemEnclosure I( T& l* } g' v3 n
Win32_SystemMemoryResource
) N" P6 U' ~+ c& S6 L2 Y* T1 ?$ a X9 r Win32_SystemSlot
+ y$ P5 M# O" C P4 n8 @ Win32_TapeDrive
' L- w$ l- J4 @7 B* e8 n( R7 a; a Win32_TemperatureProbe! I* R1 Q m% k- F8 \ V
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply
+ W! a% ^/ y8 a, r7 Y Win32_USBController) v" E/ r( v: }) g' n" l
Win32_VideoConfiguration3 ~1 e) e9 H! ^8 l7 z
Win32_VideoController/ s# w9 I( v- G- I1 y B* Q4 V
Win32_VoltageProbe
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# v2 W' _9 B/ z5 f/ c( Z8 \以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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