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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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3 c# v3 p. Y/ WWMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)- ]6 O% m s4 p6 U u3 X7 ^ ~ t
通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。 T/ y( ]: E2 n8 I; v i
利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。! ~7 F- w6 w9 m: S. b2 t# O
很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面7 U& H! z w: B' J
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① 初始化 COM 接口:) c6 \+ E5 X1 ]9 ]( K) U
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。+ K1 m: E7 Y* x9 `& Y& x
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。
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% D( j1 W2 V( J! h E) ^② 获取访问 WMI 权限:
" c0 Y+ c5 p( @2 _7 `& L# ` CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
9 Y" j2 t6 c( ~1 y4 I( j 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
. h4 S: H- t) b7 C+ I/ } 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。 c2 ]: ~2 e- E: {' U/ b. g
' {, n1 `/ e' z2 F. W1 E% J, lvoid GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)$ J3 p: D! F: \, y0 \8 i
{
0 ]3 Z6 x# i3 e IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
; M; j+ i* i7 X/ z6 I( S+ h8 K if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)( W) M5 V a7 C8 x- d
{
" `. F* w9 T- A3 C IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
/ z+ y; t5 @3 q$ j5 k WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
- o; U/ Q, ~% r0 }! A if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
8 v9 W! J. M7 u- Q' ^ WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;, B! J6 f! U# s2 p
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK); v: b& y; J+ p8 z w; n$ ^5 W8 `
{
4 R* \5 ^! _9 \ A' N+ ~ IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
" e" E0 E3 _" k% t* ]. L; m/ k ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;
1 {! Z/ |& m' ^: v; Z if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK), C }8 _' i' s' x
{
1 O' l# a* J2 j! J! N* j2 W6 N int iEnumIdx = 0;
1 d K( r2 H& W/ g2 T v2 B while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)9 w. t$ l ?7 K
{
( b s* R- @( U8 F lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");
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9 x* ?" Q) Q: v+ }( Q1 Y# S% M7 F3 S SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
- d8 K, R. T$ A5 x/ b6 n if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)
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long vbl, vbu;
9 d2 ^2 H. o2 G9 { SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);9 r; I: B1 m3 Y, _- h
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);% ~8 e. _' y' G6 s. g) S( I4 a
for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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long aidx = idx;# z$ @0 Z0 |$ U% f, l
wchar_t *wsName = 0;7 s3 |- K1 k+ e/ `% A
VARIANT vValue;
% K1 W# t& C6 W# M7 H; p+ v VariantInit(&vValue);' m" Z! [9 Z, d$ ~, E
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);1 G" C8 f. U+ F- o2 }
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BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
1 h. s4 J% |3 U# K HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);) ?% m5 \* k4 m7 q* P
SysFreeString(bs);
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if(hRes == S_OK)
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AnsiString s;, O9 F1 R7 T6 M8 v5 m- J; M
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
# t# ]9 G8 [! N% m" S" Z& r& ` if(v.IsArray())4 \: n2 C% n; |% l/ D
{
9 D; r* T: w* O9 j- W for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
5 w \( w* e6 Y6 j, M if(!s.IsEmpty())) d( n) v- I# ? p0 x+ A
s+=", ";
4 Q5 \ ~2 t/ y" ^& Q s+=VarToStr(a);
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else H1 d2 p! k6 `
{
/ X" Y" v6 w) k7 q5 D4 h; l, p- l s = VarToStr(v);1 |, z/ Y, V" @& Z- ~4 N, F- T
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lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
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VariantClear(&vValue);* ?. C" j% f/ J6 c z) @# H$ A
SysFreeString(wsName);
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}
* g/ | b# T4 o( O6 ` if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
+ j5 I" z: D+ k' Z1 Q iEnumIdx++;6 L/ {6 n9 `' W5 t0 K r3 U2 W
}
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5 R3 v& N" ?' J& \- a3 h if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();
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if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();; C& m3 i* d; w3 P
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();
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3 a( x" }2 m: G" _ if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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' M, C# l: H9 ?8 x7 V$ i// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
, w: R0 Z" Z2 ~$ ~1 E) z GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");8 w' i5 d$ F8 Q
Memo1->Lines->Add("");
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:
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Win32_Battery$ A; b0 o/ U! D( m: H& {
Win32_BIOS
) P1 q- Q6 x0 g$ J, k+ g Win32_Bus
9 W S0 T6 J& l( q Win32_CacheMemory
- G' w5 D3 X+ p5 X Win32_CDROMDrive
0 f; B& ^1 z8 ]$ M7 f+ U4 c Win32_CurrentProbe' |$ ]( H/ `. ^
Win32_DesktopMonitor
4 ^( r# G# S; a7 C) J! e) N2 V) Q Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
1 @$ Q3 z7 ^1 p: i# j Win32_DiskDrive; b! Q n9 V% Y% K! e# G
Win32_DisplayConfiguration
$ O9 n6 U( }7 M$ o; }5 J9 ] Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
! @6 a- w- U7 T4 H1 o8 ^7 [. n$ D Win32_DMAChannel
# B- ]! H( r3 Z- N$ Z Win32_Fan; I7 R7 L) E5 }# G
Win32_FloppyController
. F: ^; _$ s( A3 z8 c, V Win32_FloppyDrive
6 z/ Q( r# O. w# Z% g1 Z( o8 M Win32_HeatPipe1 b5 p+ \$ [) H: Q0 h1 D
Win32_IDEController/ f& f0 K* |8 B6 K; T" C( _
Win32_InfraredDevice
( l8 K$ @1 O. {6 z3 Q9 [ Win32_IRQResource
p+ ]+ T) b6 l6 v S4 m0 n t Win32_Keyboard
1 ]1 @8 ^& e/ x/ |/ t6 O Win32_MemoryArray& k; S3 {5 z Y/ J
Win32_MemoryDevice8 n; U) j+ o. ]" Y9 I6 q7 t
Win32_MotherboardDevice. V4 u b& U, h* u+ s+ q* g
Win32_NetworkAdapter
8 _: p7 L+ P7 M6 X/ p Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
. Q5 V J& L! v e Win32_OnBoardDevice! I) t. G# N! ^7 @, U z( {6 c
Win32_ParallelPort
w6 x5 d1 ?) q1 Z3 ] Win32_PCMCIAController5 `' l2 Y! U6 |$ A* t+ x. i
Win32_PhysicalMemory/ l3 |" y7 E' I- D+ f) L9 @) L7 ?
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray; `2 U# n. q- p- K6 k6 B, s
Win32_PnPEntity- S" |9 s$ t. A
Win32_PointingDevice
: y& a, p% L& T' h5 |: v5 } Win32_PortableBattery7 H; k5 V k3 z! s7 @+ s) ~& W
Win32_PortConnector+ M) I1 }3 u5 Z ?
Win32_PortResource
. m4 _# }5 \3 ^ Win32_POTSModem) z& h S* i5 z
Win32_PowerManagementEvent7 S% \7 J2 I+ A) c: k
Win32_Printer
5 }3 p% C) ?2 H, j Win32_PrinterConfiguration
5 o! V# S/ C' \' f/ T! ^4 n, H Win32_PrintJob ] `2 F- H- A' T; t; T$ Y) a. O
Win32_Processor
& Q, X' L/ T& S$ X1 g Win32_Refrigeration2 p1 Z% J+ P" }& X6 u2 x( |
Win32_SerialPort5 p& E% W4 ~( U! A0 Z1 [, Z
Win32_SerialPortConfiguration- W8 m1 @( g# q7 K4 z
Win32_SMBIOSMemory
7 N1 `. A4 {, d Win32_SoundDevice2 O! f' N# @8 T- {1 b6 A/ H
Win32_SystemEnclosure
S( s! U/ X" K' s; D Win32_SystemMemoryResource
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Win32_TapeDrive: v3 B1 m5 ~: y. E, i1 W
Win32_TemperatureProbe3 e( m* _% h$ R1 _; M0 @) M
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply
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. S0 U2 ?- b3 h: d' {5 [& E Win32_VideoConfiguration: F. P9 w8 H8 B0 ~ U+ _
Win32_VideoController
" p9 V ?# c: F. y Win32_VoltageProbe
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1 ^$ e. o( ~: n8 c2 j) P以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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