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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
8 a; x& @ g, s7 o0 h 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
4 x% I$ }; y$ s/ y. |7 } 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
1 b9 d9 k! k, l+ W& x 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面( r& }; X" S9 @2 @+ z
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' B+ o, s" K& v' l- C① 初始化 COM 接口:
! w3 R7 C; X) W' w' a 访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。
# p+ S; Q: Y0 i% c$ B 这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。' J; G; J4 t$ }6 ~
! ^ v+ V; Q" r# ?- x X2 k+ |② 获取访问 WMI 权限:) n* S6 K) T* a6 ^" o6 m
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
6 q5 Q+ @9 r. a. i6 o7 D 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:# d2 g8 v K# k( [% z6 ~
这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。" M# _& U8 a, N" N$ r1 d7 n1 p3 K
$ a( Q, f8 x2 t- m7 F5 cvoid GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)6 N; @/ ]1 W9 m
{
. f) q# \' P) \, \ IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;: @8 R0 @3 g, j7 w- ?0 b& T# }; n8 p, }4 V
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
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IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;" F1 {, M* H3 r7 m0 ]; H0 A
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");. J5 v" L2 K; H' v
if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK) m1 Y+ R& B: e0 s }/ V9 Y5 z4 h- g
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IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
% x; e" O1 t4 d; [) J6 w, Q+ `* h WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;! Q+ F+ z" h1 Q# k
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)& ^! {5 A2 b) z/ I
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
( A8 o4 f8 }3 Z% N3 P ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;6 f4 t! u9 m' ?
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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int iEnumIdx = 0;
@, W7 t3 E2 ~2 [ while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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$ {! d5 u, n& a* h1 j& U2 ]9 \- B lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");# h6 Q0 @1 o8 N9 j
1 K U- |7 j8 ~( H1 h, W5 w SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
/ W% h+ O" l/ n6 R$ I/ V if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)
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long vbl, vbu;" ` u" w f# o# I+ F
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);" t4 R: s4 {4 @" Z, d
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
+ q4 D, u7 C/ F4 U7 J for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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0 J3 j. D: \& F: `: u1 m1 } long aidx = idx;
! @- j2 u& M: X/ V2 C6 { wchar_t *wsName = 0;
! I( o8 ? d8 K- `8 r) ? VARIANT vValue;
& ^) q4 o% R9 h' V! J VariantInit(&vValue);' l! _* C1 M; L3 P5 h. ]5 W
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);! X4 R0 L5 m( G8 ?6 y6 Y
HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
x* f' K- L- _' \ SysFreeString(bs);
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if(hRes == S_OK)
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AnsiString s;. r) c2 E+ g) {5 T+ F
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;% q/ I! t1 r- T! G
if(v.IsArray())
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)- W, K; [7 Z" S" z- w
{
5 ~3 q I7 a J Variant a = v.GetElement(i);# T: W; G8 f- d: n5 D J
if(!s.IsEmpty())
# G5 x, `1 B4 k1 r9 e s+=", ";
+ X- k* @" H4 C* X& B# U s+=VarToStr(a);7 |+ A# f% ^: H0 K
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else
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s = VarToStr(v);6 s( ~, ~# r( H' K. @ K& U4 o
}
3 T R; w7 x1 [" S/ Q lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);( Y. z& X$ L, {) w0 m
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VariantClear(&vValue);+ `; z. P2 o. |
SysFreeString(wsName);
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* u8 z$ L ?$ n if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);) M2 L+ w l ?* D
iEnumIdx++;
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();
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$ v$ ?3 ~+ [0 c" Y: S if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();! |+ ] t& w. P0 v- V
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();; p, m+ E6 b4 \
}
; k- [; V2 ]& Q E, k1 e if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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% e, X* v: |( p//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");0 A& [. e+ l, k( m$ j
GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");2 @7 T1 B- M4 s& V9 _' f
Memo1->Lines->Add("");$ z; y( k; a, W' ?8 ?
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" A$ P8 S6 F2 g" ? b; u5 VWMI 可以访问的信息类型有:- ]% ^$ j5 g0 y" c) e" F+ `
Win32_1394Controller4 ~. `! z$ C% \
Win32_BaseBoard
$ [+ `( o" Z: d, W* B Win32_Battery$ f+ M3 x, j4 G3 l
Win32_BIOS
1 H- @8 J1 S* K. E Win32_Bus/ b4 k; J/ W' B0 q' M
Win32_CacheMemory( J' }; K4 b/ [* J6 q, J/ s
Win32_CDROMDrive+ H; K2 i' ~2 z
Win32_CurrentProbe2 @3 g7 w0 j4 B* i
Win32_DesktopMonitor3 J5 Q. A. s1 A3 T7 H+ r
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
6 g( _5 G* G; l* \ Win32_DiskDrive
: p; D$ q+ V. T. J Win32_DisplayConfiguration
. V9 Q2 S Y# B, w Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
1 t+ N9 A: g f Win32_DMAChannel' ?% |6 T5 g4 h+ M) u
Win32_Fan
3 b4 p5 u# E3 n2 u0 i+ g Win32_FloppyController
* l- G0 M4 R7 m6 r Win32_FloppyDrive
) K6 _+ \" r: [0 m3 x2 W0 d Win32_HeatPipe6 ]' U8 z5 e7 `: r/ F( s
Win32_IDEController9 S5 o2 n3 v5 A7 b0 V2 Q* s
Win32_InfraredDevice
2 ?1 v. |+ W5 u- e5 V9 k0 a* C Win32_IRQResource" N( v. R" x0 p
Win32_Keyboard
Y9 K p- a" |) w3 t$ e& R Win32_MemoryArray- A! L8 G( ]1 l- h$ Q4 H
Win32_MemoryDevice
3 ]: V+ L8 c! a/ g- g: h Win32_MotherboardDevice
0 D I7 o4 v1 \- m9 Z) m8 x Win32_NetworkAdapter
( A( v# n" N* n* J8 k! ?6 _( L Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration5 n, e$ H- P4 o1 `& x. G# o
Win32_OnBoardDevice4 b7 q+ H- E5 N& }5 Z2 Z
Win32_ParallelPort
. h0 } X* x; A5 v: B9 N1 W Win32_PCMCIAController! H* K! F8 C( }
Win32_PhysicalMemory6 C7 f, J( Y( H$ E! i1 N; u
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray
% N2 m; R% E# e* m5 h7 P) I7 I Win32_PnPEntity3 X* x: M3 k1 c5 G3 H L/ ~
Win32_PointingDevice# _5 ?0 J3 l3 g! k1 ^8 x
Win32_PortableBattery
2 _" V) X* Q1 t }3 b7 a Win32_PortConnector
( E7 { @: b: W( \( e Win32_PortResource5 T s# M) e' ^& H' e1 A4 W
Win32_POTSModem8 z. ?( l; k$ K) p# \
Win32_PowerManagementEvent' b* R! ]/ ~, o. d9 m
Win32_Printer. k) W1 Z$ S: J& m+ I# `3 l
Win32_PrinterConfiguration
% `9 B2 |! u3 X* L Win32_PrintJob$ M9 Q0 T- v8 g/ j
Win32_Processor. N* ~7 A* R K# _" F* t5 p
Win32_Refrigeration
; N |- b# i ~' _& B Win32_SerialPort
$ ~4 ]9 u' U( x0 a Win32_SerialPortConfiguration9 c% v+ G! \/ Q. W
Win32_SMBIOSMemory
$ O8 Y( I, N5 R5 v1 f Win32_SoundDevice
) |! f, |9 P7 O/ a6 v9 o Win32_SystemEnclosure
2 b, \( e! K0 V9 L" ~, m Win32_SystemMemoryResource7 f7 e3 L# S" _5 f5 _" ^ g
Win32_SystemSlot) \ Q$ `* T7 K' J+ K/ [- I$ K
Win32_TapeDrive2 z0 z3 ?# M7 W" u/ I
Win32_TemperatureProbe
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Win32_USBController, _" g3 P( B. ^2 V& Z% }
Win32_VideoConfiguration T* z9 V7 N6 |# ?1 m+ B7 i
Win32_VideoController
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4 {, X+ L0 U! `; b% p以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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