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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
; n: n, z1 h& }' E# t& L# M 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。 ) [- b! v6 o3 b8 F5 F; R4 k' L- M
利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
9 ?$ k5 K$ h& n 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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① 初始化 COM 接口:+ r' p; W3 u) | u7 k
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。3 d7 K1 g+ U6 M
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。& j0 y( {3 f$ L0 ?$ [ o' W
( h; r. b6 e/ u② 获取访问 WMI 权限:7 e: C) \& A8 f1 X0 Z
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
$ x5 `9 J+ e6 L4 Z* B( u% S6 D" ?$ P 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。' ]+ Y1 T, S4 R
. T* x, M( w* e& u4 s③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:1 P5 p% q. s( |6 x' L! R8 O
这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
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void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)
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IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;1 _9 n7 p8 ]# N4 i0 K
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
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IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
0 T* j& w9 R4 E- T WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
5 A; I* ]* d( n3 |1 l& | if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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0 C+ `) f7 O1 d2 Y: _# X IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;( \( e, F$ m# n$ Z
WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;
5 F8 `$ @7 o# u9 K) Z$ }- t if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)6 S: P. v; O, F+ P8 P. O
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;- W/ J3 }7 X9 }
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;# Q5 b6 M9 ~& x8 S2 S& \
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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1 {! {( i+ @/ f3 `) ]3 w; t int iEnumIdx = 0;: n, z6 v3 S$ N: E2 ], F5 y
while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)" T+ k' E* C+ z" X% T9 n
{
. k2 C! V4 n' ?. O lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------"); E% O i% X, G) k: F- F
2 K* _3 c/ A7 @- p# a SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
* u: I/ M( o" S8 y2 U$ f if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)
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# K* S. X$ M, g# `+ q. o% _ long vbl, vbu;
( Z4 S$ Q# n- D; M8 V SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
& w4 x$ b$ s( \0 S SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);( M' k* j- Y+ M2 g
for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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8 Q) ?$ @* S' } J( |* \ long aidx = idx;0 G' ?. r. S3 ?, `& H* }2 G) A
wchar_t *wsName = 0;. u& N0 j h9 o: \6 g
VARIANT vValue;; v7 S7 y& ^3 ~. t% l- x, b
VariantInit(&vValue);! K- I S5 s( W; i
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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; s/ i; F9 k5 H BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
& Y- _( R8 o9 Z* @0 L$ P1 j& I HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);0 l8 a6 w' O. {8 {8 L; R# x4 C ^
SysFreeString(bs);
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" ]$ p8 h! s/ V if(hRes == S_OK)6 ^/ d. H$ ?# e
{
n$ y1 }8 V/ w" n, ^ AnsiString s;) b: R; v, b3 h. G7 f; _
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;' ]. y1 g' h* e# A# Z A
if(v.IsArray())
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
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2 r0 j( p' A- Y1 M0 `. q Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
$ B$ Z6 `# Y/ Z+ c4 u3 z. ?- `! d if(!s.IsEmpty())7 P0 r/ y. h) w1 o: O0 Y
s+=", ";6 G- ^8 t7 [9 K1 [2 q, C9 o! W1 U0 s8 Q
s+=VarToStr(a);
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{
; m4 n3 O: g: `* B s = VarToStr(v);
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5 F0 {$ u3 v# R* D I& y( a d lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);2 k' K" i) p/ A" q9 a; `3 l
}
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: H+ U3 [& r. Y: z5 O VariantClear(&vValue);" o3 S" T7 N Q# N
SysFreeString(wsName);
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);6 J/ A9 q. a+ m: k ~6 C
iEnumIdx++;
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}
) t; f3 [5 L1 Y if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();" _$ e2 T" x6 O9 }" M! O# l
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if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();
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, Y# ?' _! ^. }. C if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();
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. h; m% V( z0 s( u if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();, I4 W0 I9 U" ?) Z
}
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# {) D5 [1 _$ ~8 z// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
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{
' a* ?$ O0 J- U Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
+ |) [ ?3 F6 ~, Y: `6 ~ GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
* J) ~; ?2 Z. v Memo1->Lines->Add("");
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:4 V/ @. j7 }2 @, H o) s' d
Win32_1394Controller' w9 R' t+ @( t# k1 {
Win32_BaseBoard
3 W! E% e2 g- f' u* P! b2 f Win32_Battery
" J$ h, n5 z9 W" _* Z1 ~9 m Win32_BIOS8 X- l1 q" v1 k9 J, X7 u3 A: j
Win32_Bus. @' V; E/ {7 _
Win32_CacheMemory
; }+ e% T' w( z, ^( c. r, C8 v; ` Win32_CDROMDrive( `" C/ Z/ o4 A/ c% L6 [7 a- \0 j
Win32_CurrentProbe# }4 Q8 l/ _+ b( b F
Win32_DesktopMonitor
$ ]( Q. d8 w4 q& y; ? Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
, L" }% m: M1 |: s* R0 E Win32_DiskDrive: V" R. w3 K. n3 y) l( ?' b: g
Win32_DisplayConfiguration
! s3 k L* r6 J* ~6 s+ \ Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
( C/ e1 h2 U: C- N. g" E Win32_DMAChannel6 E3 p' j5 }! }7 Y5 }
Win32_Fan
( f; ]& ~, Z* h. t Win32_FloppyController
" ?& e: L/ t9 T# X2 @$ [ Y8 u, B+ U Win32_FloppyDrive& g. a, E/ _, u' L5 ~7 ]
Win32_HeatPipe
& Z9 [) h; K7 x6 U. r$ i& C Win32_IDEController1 A- h3 X+ {6 v0 K: t# V4 z
Win32_InfraredDevice
+ w) e( Y: e* a Win32_IRQResource
) ]; E7 o' y+ }6 N0 D1 I. e Win32_Keyboard
) Q f0 q, C& B. r Win32_MemoryArray2 ? O% _1 p# l/ ^
Win32_MemoryDevice) C5 f/ T3 ~, T1 \
Win32_MotherboardDevice" T' _% n$ n- l4 U E; Y' H% B
Win32_NetworkAdapter3 l! V: U0 J T2 @
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration# ]1 E9 ^) A. c( W- C0 w0 {$ U6 _
Win32_OnBoardDevice- X- J t0 s3 \9 _" x v' \4 ~
Win32_ParallelPort
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8 f4 u8 V8 n8 a& x% D Win32_PhysicalMemory
) J6 x3 D% N+ N$ V Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray7 V B* m7 H. C2 e8 R, Z/ M& l
Win32_PnPEntity
5 n$ S+ K9 A) m' t; Y! Z Win32_PointingDevice
8 `' j/ w+ T8 O/ g" M% w; n/ b, a Win32_PortableBattery
9 r; d* m0 Q$ A1 a3 N Win32_PortConnector
& L2 X" [& z1 F Y4 l Win32_PortResource" ~9 l2 b, P) B+ C s, ~
Win32_POTSModem
4 m- E6 m8 w3 R2 d/ ? Win32_PowerManagementEvent
9 p- @* x3 j* v9 E7 m: a5 l Win32_Printer
+ o; M, n4 X- b+ f7 ` Win32_PrinterConfiguration
1 ]( z: p# Z& m( @ Win32_PrintJob/ E3 N: c0 f2 h
Win32_Processor1 j! u, A R4 |1 L) {
Win32_Refrigeration+ N) M9 y2 h) O
Win32_SerialPort+ }( K" ~5 C9 u- Y. ]$ o
Win32_SerialPortConfiguration y; C' D: Z% `/ Y- z
Win32_SMBIOSMemory
; K4 l$ P6 [* V! a Win32_SoundDevice
: V# l! ^$ a3 I Win32_SystemEnclosure* J0 N3 G" s9 ~# h* I
Win32_SystemMemoryResource
! [. ~/ e/ ]( n. L Win32_SystemSlot
+ Z$ h3 J5 u* L! _! c Win32_TapeDrive
# L* d5 z) z/ t' y6 ]. D Win32_TemperatureProbe% G1 p2 ^ v6 M v. |, c, k
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply; v O0 c6 ~2 P! Z
Win32_USBController+ a: ]% [* X+ [2 Z
Win32_VideoConfiguration
9 j; _; ~( E N% v' K Win32_VideoController0 H4 v e* @9 R' N) Q
Win32_VoltageProbe0 s2 a8 w x; D5 T! V9 T
) w+ G* ]4 q( V4 D3 [, h0 @以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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