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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)- f4 z7 J& T0 [# n/ x( ~% G
通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
' s# L- |# [! [: L7 [1 I 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
( H: U4 L" p& H; e- ]+ a' e 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 ( I& P5 x5 o6 m; v
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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① 初始化 COM 接口:; p! T; |+ o4 W# e. I; h
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。
+ F9 @) p, h2 M( X) L2 j1 I7 R$ Y 这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。
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② 获取访问 WMI 权限:( ~* y$ H! Z4 Q* n& e, t
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);8 Z. O5 J0 N* K, `8 B6 d
如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
0 i5 C N: T8 C7 z5 ~8 w 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
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void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)& z& `( I9 @/ R1 u
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IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;4 _- ~4 ?, p; E* O, A' J
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)2 i0 A" V# m, f& G$ \) h
{
2 R' N8 u/ p: a( ~ A+ r$ R; X+ J IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
% T; G5 D7 N9 M: { WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");) u# R" A* y, p2 N) j
if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;! K: a) {- R' f1 m" }0 ^
WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;
$ k) l9 }6 v2 b. e if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)+ z( w* {' S3 A# `7 v
{
. ~6 W+ n2 D5 a1 M# J' [ IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;) T) H2 A! N U) s5 g3 V
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;4 A/ A8 w) Y: H8 T' a
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)9 ^# X; Y2 U, M" S+ |
{
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while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");' R6 b- _5 {1 F! J+ A4 h
3 L( P2 e$ ~8 ]5 u( l E4 _$ A SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
$ Y( C5 d- W& C" Y if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)) p$ z9 g! E6 |5 i
{
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SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
5 F& z% ~7 F( h0 A6 u SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);
( _- o/ p7 F- m5 W for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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long aidx = idx;
% \8 @& s0 L3 k/ ` i. \2 M5 j wchar_t *wsName = 0;
4 V& v: c& h3 _1 E& D# g/ N VARIANT vValue;
, d7 G) V! d/ G1 p/ g VariantInit(&vValue);! p. a3 W% U5 q. Z0 k; H/ s
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName); l- S; I& K% N- ?$ r/ h
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BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);5 s6 |$ S7 ?: \/ o T& }
HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
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AnsiString s;# _$ f/ t Z7 `* \
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
, W. K8 K7 |4 R2 l, x1 L t if(v.IsArray())
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)6 I( t! e# p7 S
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
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s+=", ";* t/ e, A( z( R
s+=VarToStr(a);
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}
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7 X6 i# k. J2 p9 j s = VarToStr(v);; `5 }5 n% }; {7 F/ c) ^
}
, G6 }) z+ B6 e; _ lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
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: d1 k! e7 m( H! y' j VariantClear(&vValue);
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}
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
. }, L+ s0 K( q. C iEnumIdx++;
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();" a' o' k* c4 B. Q- W; C& z5 O
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if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
, E- W( p4 F7 `: g* r3 k& h$ h GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
9 {3 i9 p8 S% ^: c Memo1->Lines->Add("");. y9 d0 x8 z+ C: t
}
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1 z5 A' j+ B( t1 [* O! AWMI 可以访问的信息类型有:4 X7 b1 w/ h4 e" e
Win32_1394Controller0 h: M9 |0 X* W" F5 y9 J' `6 t% L
Win32_BaseBoard$ K& e# b0 I$ n6 {( O: ?, N7 h
Win32_Battery
) o; ?6 m$ r& k6 `- Z) G! Y; ` Win32_BIOS
1 u5 {+ ~. ~, [7 v) M. V+ ~ Win32_Bus
s1 g. o) V! W+ {/ O Win32_CacheMemory8 e# Q+ q+ }+ x1 e
Win32_CDROMDrive
, O4 b! {9 d' S& o8 U/ ?. G1 F Win32_CurrentProbe
. | E& y4 v2 F Win32_DesktopMonitor( ~5 W$ c' W. }3 O
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress
+ ]- f9 L+ R$ d Win32_DiskDrive7 M* A6 p! r/ @# S
Win32_DisplayConfiguration
6 ^; f% x: c* C' d Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
4 _2 u1 P+ |! P$ z, Z8 a1 }9 B: C Win32_DMAChannel( N4 z+ g/ V, t5 E
Win32_Fan: `0 G7 ]; m0 g/ y& [$ M6 E( Z9 D
Win32_FloppyController
7 P1 K$ I1 Q; ?! K5 T% I% ^2 {% T Win32_FloppyDrive
3 f+ Z5 ] E' H2 I' A2 u# F Win32_HeatPipe
+ m$ Q' C) v3 n" s2 _ Win32_IDEController
/ m3 q1 q7 j- Z* N3 ^' I Win32_InfraredDevice
% [6 Q1 C" r/ t8 ]3 N6 v) u8 m4 q5 Q Win32_IRQResource4 L. L* h, i K/ o8 B+ D1 F) Z- _ @
Win32_Keyboard1 e: D1 ~$ O) E3 S% ^1 W
Win32_MemoryArray
7 E, c& w. M# }$ Y6 D' m+ Y2 O" B Win32_MemoryDevice: h" b* @* A; X" e6 m. ^6 X
Win32_MotherboardDevice
7 h8 F: p6 [0 M* a& V2 d- I1 b Win32_NetworkAdapter- p! `' b$ x, r4 H( N8 ], @! e3 A' O
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
9 H0 d& p1 _" ^+ ] Win32_OnBoardDevice
' c6 h" W5 ]) r5 Y, c Win32_ParallelPort
+ n0 C3 } K, o# K4 c1 \ Win32_PCMCIAController& }% j& {1 k. a" c/ i
Win32_PhysicalMemory
' S5 R: i2 q( C! r Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray
5 H6 Y& G9 Z" T" |6 a8 R Win32_PnPEntity3 k! V o: j6 G" c. k
Win32_PointingDevice
$ c4 W m& }. d* \" k; [8 E Win32_PortableBattery# x! I$ f8 B( d+ V1 K
Win32_PortConnector3 q9 P" g% s5 c4 _, \
Win32_PortResource
+ W: {! S' ]( S1 V# Q- j3 i6 k Win32_POTSModem
5 X3 t, x0 d2 A: g8 b Win32_PowerManagementEvent1 U/ Q+ k" R. v# e
Win32_Printer
2 y* O/ y' E. G: j Win32_PrinterConfiguration. R: I+ v6 O0 x. G7 h4 s/ \
Win32_PrintJob
8 T7 p- S1 C$ o! t Win32_Processor
0 c9 k1 k+ A2 x2 E" \& Q- L Win32_Refrigeration
! o- z% D& `. N- b: | Win32_SerialPort
, }: \& c' K& l& K Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
# {* B; i( v. @) a" q Win32_SMBIOSMemory
' I+ S/ n* B$ O% Y' i Q Win32_SoundDevice; b, ^ Y/ j, j/ x. g) b* Y
Win32_SystemEnclosure- a4 s7 j7 c) y0 l$ q
Win32_SystemMemoryResource
( U# M o5 _9 Q# ~: d# c6 ^ Win32_SystemSlot# W w8 w0 O+ [& K) V5 \: U; D) D
Win32_TapeDrive
0 J' m5 g1 g- \& F Win32_TemperatureProbe, R- ~$ G! g% T# Y- J+ n6 d
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply
- A# _( F" m0 `+ A Win32_USBController
6 Y9 z1 t2 L' j1 G5 `& ]) N Win32_VideoConfiguration8 N( V3 @% A( g" j, l e0 Q
Win32_VideoController# k& ?: O5 B$ W
Win32_VoltageProbe
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+ g6 N6 c' v8 ~4 i2 r" R以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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