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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
3 Q0 A/ }# S) n* l& U 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。 5 J" V6 p! t2 `8 l
利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
% ^9 m& E* I* b: P4 K$ I9 D6 R% B 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 5 K9 R) d" F/ D/ J+ `( e
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$ F) F0 D, T3 Q' v- N8 gBCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面! S5 L# C% P* q$ g! E. T
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: G: e! j9 W" t0 h a: t① 初始化 COM 接口:" M$ o% Q2 q" v
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。) |: E7 A! ^& M: o
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。
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O' J( \2 s' s+ |* C3 l5 y( v② 获取访问 WMI 权限:
$ @* I5 L4 I9 {% ?: C4 J: l CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);
, V" M0 R2 Q+ s$ ~ e. T 如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
0 ~" O1 ^6 R, P/ {+ @. D# n: L, x% {* i 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
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, Y5 @9 I4 C1 j' j8 _void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)- \0 Q& b5 ^1 }! A9 B0 ~) [- o
{
1 f" g* ]: N' K) p, `# s/ w3 x9 P IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;: u0 ~, G) c6 M$ |' o2 L
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)! \- ]# |4 n% p7 d# ]5 u
{8 }2 R, T; v! b9 \) {
IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;* y8 ^1 y# k2 j8 H0 T! f2 G8 Q
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");% X: U- r/ v; X- w. `
if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)4 K' D9 h; h9 z& J* B
{
: b2 \( n, K6 [6 J/ W. S! I3 @ IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
% v/ m, a2 @3 l- o6 O1 y8 W WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;0 T" p% a$ E/ D1 ]0 E" @
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;6 V% F1 S/ n7 O# A% E
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;! p' c% @- U, B% i- L5 _
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)5 p/ ?# \) e$ {5 _. g u$ [6 Z
{
7 E5 \4 W0 ]2 H, T; }2 T6 } int iEnumIdx = 0;
7 I+ t; d$ F* _5 b$ [ while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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! S2 ?' h) E$ h& ^+ V2 M lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");
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SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;4 M" L& r& z* \
if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)* V% t, G1 P4 V0 U& y
{
2 F4 Y+ ?5 P* p, z! x! H# ?( o; v long vbl, vbu;, |) q: [ B$ E3 p% d" O- g& B: S4 |
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
& M v7 L! T/ d; h5 I7 J SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);& a( m |* K9 r& p7 z; o* B7 _+ S
for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)2 N- G+ Y u& |0 s* J
{
/ |) E; m ]) l+ g long aidx = idx;* s& M2 D. d1 X
wchar_t *wsName = 0; ]3 `" K- \5 O( y
VARIANT vValue;/ o2 b0 D: ^2 s. b |) z1 A$ @4 b
VariantInit(&vValue);" w8 g9 k" J! A# c9 q* U
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);8 q3 [! Z3 Z' G6 I2 X
HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);" H0 v m" q: ^
SysFreeString(bs);
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" N- |: i2 f$ q3 q# m5 p if(hRes == S_OK)
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AnsiString s;( {% [) [- D7 e$ w& E
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
; `8 k5 f# i. B8 ]* r; }) h0 f6 Y if(v.IsArray())
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
( g; w. e+ w6 j( y+ z( V" L if(!s.IsEmpty())
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s+=VarToStr(a); G b) d* d4 k, V9 N% N, x
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}
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s = VarToStr(v);
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- ~" M/ M& z+ N% ^- r' U& U. w lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);5 t& V9 m. W3 O# d$ g
}
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" V3 s: F/ D) g" n. q VariantClear(&vValue);
/ _, m! _! p! H SysFreeString(wsName);
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
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}
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();
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( |! Z7 n5 t, Y; O8 J) ^ if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();4 l G i+ S c4 v# L+ e5 m0 N8 Z
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();9 k/ S6 E4 Y9 F7 }
}
5 X0 L+ r, X( M) B5 o if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();6 L; z: S# d" ]9 f' K% I O
}
. H! _4 H! E0 |$ D0 g4 Q I, j% h//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:- H1 e/ P3 T# E7 \3 O
void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");& ]9 Y5 X: D4 O( w! E6 `3 ^2 z
GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
( _; U: b$ i7 {% c Memo1->Lines->Add("");
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:0 d6 p: E5 _! N L ]& C
Win32_1394Controller. m: O" b$ s+ i' k g
Win32_BaseBoard5 E/ \2 L% u. B; \" F. R
Win32_Battery9 i2 o8 [! R9 t& D6 n$ g
Win32_BIOS
( p& e8 y" n) @( A7 v6 d" Y' }& B Win32_Bus
+ L+ s7 H3 g% O. z0 ?2 B) w Win32_CacheMemory3 }8 i; P9 N2 e4 [5 U( ~; N
Win32_CDROMDrive
5 V: _( L6 T3 K0 d# r' n Win32_CurrentProbe I. y- o% Y' U" t
Win32_DesktopMonitor3 a/ S" {9 e4 K2 a
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress: K! \- p' `1 c+ A- U
Win32_DiskDrive% `8 q; Y% O0 c
Win32_DisplayConfiguration, }5 n( }; `& Y( S
Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration. g- ~ [- t. J9 H
Win32_DMAChannel
9 O2 y: V3 _% Y8 o+ H& m. f. S Win32_Fan3 @- i/ u& @ l3 N V; D
Win32_FloppyController" E, R4 ? U1 S/ E4 Z( \4 V; z1 x" @
Win32_FloppyDrive
- J6 d1 w" D: @; g/ r* g9 a Win32_HeatPipe* q9 V( `5 _: Z' k
Win32_IDEController( K2 @6 w3 U" a" V6 h6 u
Win32_InfraredDevice
% @2 E; t: Z8 u+ O Win32_IRQResource" D; F5 K7 f* q2 `; s. }! H
Win32_Keyboard3 \3 f9 R$ w, E6 n7 `
Win32_MemoryArray
3 X; h% ~3 H: A) x Win32_MemoryDevice; m( @ L: x- ?' ]8 v8 N
Win32_MotherboardDevice1 r; E1 M6 n9 j% T1 K4 z* }
Win32_NetworkAdapter0 z) k% Z# G6 i+ ^
Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
. `( X- ?3 }4 G3 X7 a1 e/ t Win32_OnBoardDevice
u4 C7 Z m/ G- v' ~ Win32_ParallelPort/ `( J6 y+ X& c2 M2 _/ ^
Win32_PCMCIAController
6 v s: u7 O6 @' U( y/ A Win32_PhysicalMemory% ^" s8 `( X. D0 m
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray6 v* v) g0 `1 ~# W
Win32_PnPEntity
! Q1 w! l4 [" p H7 | Win32_PointingDevice
* N5 S: T( f2 }/ O$ ^8 m, Z Win32_PortableBattery7 d- s* }! P8 }& p6 `
Win32_PortConnector
$ F! u# G% e, f* E% x: D Win32_PortResource) |( G% n" Q0 Y
Win32_POTSModem
, o: K8 S0 z, x# u8 W Win32_PowerManagementEvent% u& n4 j. F/ P2 {- q1 m9 v
Win32_Printer( Z( u& o9 u& m% [+ l$ F7 S+ M5 s1 P
Win32_PrinterConfiguration+ o2 o3 ` H3 _0 A& u0 t( ]
Win32_PrintJob
7 q' A. p1 Z! M( V1 s0 X2 j2 R8 m Win32_Processor. v; M! V, i' L; }1 Y% G; ], p
Win32_Refrigeration% c( J1 A: D# a! E
Win32_SerialPort3 G1 F' L7 U$ P* v; D0 H
Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
* x, s! W* J$ l; y$ G8 P7 K Win32_SMBIOSMemory
+ ~) L7 ]# Q+ f: ` Q Win32_SoundDevice
0 {. g, @# |8 G5 A2 Q R2 u Win32_SystemEnclosure% f) p+ G- m+ i5 {" P; h/ p
Win32_SystemMemoryResource6 j4 u/ k- \. {8 t) E
Win32_SystemSlot
0 z& j! T5 m3 P8 Y0 [! q8 s# z4 C Win32_TapeDrive
' z% D- k- ^6 X) D9 k/ n+ a3 R+ ? Win32_TemperatureProbe k3 M& @8 j& N: r! M
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply% ]+ `% N$ R4 u3 d4 w
Win32_USBController
3 T/ d* \0 V) ^2 s6 W Win32_VideoConfiguration
( o+ L V1 ?2 M5 t+ u- r# | Win32_VideoController/ u2 ~ y, Y! O2 ?4 U: j) H' Z
Win32_VoltageProbe! t& l2 j5 w& `! y7 m1 F8 F
- `9 M4 U* }( n6 t. {1 `1 K$ S+ @以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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