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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具). r# m0 I4 T2 I$ O8 X9 @5 Y
通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。 s3 Z b1 I+ y$ G5 J
利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
. i9 m. i X5 W/ j 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 3 @$ n9 d- N/ ^2 l2 i8 C6 x! N
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* R' K& L1 F. NBCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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① 初始化 COM 接口:. G0 l8 c9 e$ j
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。
' N6 a4 K- B8 V" v' K3 f0 i5 T3 J 这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。
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! D# y6 a F% U# A6 D② 获取访问 WMI 权限:2 G. T% v* g) N
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);. D/ j: _4 z$ a/ P
如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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3 u" q' @; v& R% E8 @. X③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:- @3 H8 l2 M3 G
这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。9 w* P: I$ \4 D- b; [
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void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)) r, ?# f7 e; q$ Q* R$ {& I& W
{
8 A: S8 B. g9 O$ k }, i IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
% P, S" x( @2 c! N) C' t if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
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/ J4 F7 L d2 M' ] O IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;6 d& W4 d1 v- a9 s' F; X8 K, Z. I
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");# a+ Z. }: D$ W, B& y5 X
if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)/ a# e3 H b' f7 [% e U; }
{
1 I' J. Z: |$ Z0 L! Z IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
+ u0 {- r/ c! F" M! I WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;
' W( m" U2 l" P9 {1 b8 P if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)
- [2 I& |/ o# P4 g9 N9 j' S {
2 n8 w: _/ k6 {7 T1 A& x IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
8 d( p2 `+ c' H; g4 L- `; E. D ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;
2 X5 \6 N( T9 W g0 B _- V if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)1 K, J6 p$ Z# O. o5 R
{
. U0 w' ^/ }( f6 ?6 d int iEnumIdx = 0;
9 \" n0 S v# R+ r8 r) Q while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");1 P9 X, m, M+ b/ E
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SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;
1 S& t9 r' t& t, Y: P, E# \3 X( G0 L if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)
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. T& w* `/ j; e: s. |' a long vbl, vbu;2 c" y, m/ z3 x+ K- @! w' B* s
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);- f5 s8 |( l4 l
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);: b/ Q$ Z7 n$ k* ~. x" D& E
for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++); `* n7 T9 ~2 g2 l2 S
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long aidx = idx;
9 s9 C( x( t | wchar_t *wsName = 0;+ j/ }/ ?& f1 T+ b
VARIANT vValue; g5 {5 t" @) O6 w& ^& x& H) {
VariantInit(&vValue);
( Z" y O$ a. i6 w _ SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
8 V, b% p7 w0 Y8 k HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
9 C; A' A: p7 f [ SysFreeString(bs);, u: {9 k; j& d0 h) S) @, `
3 w+ j8 E$ w; k7 ^# h if(hRes == S_OK)( B0 a% d- z, H0 h* y0 Z" p
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AnsiString s;9 ?1 p8 w! f, T+ T
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;( A+ q( d& o. ~- S( l
if(v.IsArray())
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++), A! u: R# \* @1 b
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);8 p. ^7 D; B7 h4 p
if(!s.IsEmpty())
' G! P Z3 O c- L$ K* R. V s+=", ";6 U: A8 H: \, C3 ]0 |$ f( @0 K# u
s+=VarToStr(a);
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}
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{
3 v- l* ]- \; |: [1 D! { s = VarToStr(v);
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lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);6 [- ?! r6 {9 n1 d! v
}
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VariantClear(&vValue);9 v, g5 a# F0 H9 J6 S
SysFreeString(wsName); U0 r) q5 y$ }
}
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7 G6 t# z' Y5 X; b( u if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);( k- _, m- s6 ~% O' @
iEnumIdx++;
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if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();7 {6 M, c W' A0 R" U& H, w
}
; [$ F9 p. \6 p h" K$ q if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();8 d. c) L- C& L9 p3 Q2 G; H& B
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if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();: Z- r& H+ A( u! o+ d
}
) a, V8 O8 H2 r& Q//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
/ r" T+ k; [8 X, F; `void __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
& x C# Q+ ~! R# Q6 x4 ~( K GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
?0 a% S1 S x2 D Memo1->Lines->Add("");
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; v) N) }) _. k' M7 |7 IWMI 可以访问的信息类型有:% ?7 Y7 H, E- c0 l
Win32_1394Controller
, x: z3 ]2 z2 ^3 h Win32_BaseBoard1 Q& }9 Z0 V+ e2 Q$ `
Win32_Battery4 D- P* H4 y0 B8 J
Win32_BIOS5 g+ L% G9 v6 w5 `5 C
Win32_Bus
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Win32_CDROMDrive
% C" I/ z' Q$ i; n Win32_CurrentProbe3 i: A; ^( {% r: w- Y$ @+ y
Win32_DesktopMonitor0 X3 v2 {4 |. L
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress, E3 y$ t! Z) y3 r8 M# H
Win32_DiskDrive2 {4 ]0 ~0 T1 P% l
Win32_DisplayConfiguration- P( e" ^3 q0 R
Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
@6 A! j9 O* z& Q+ n5 n, ]6 M Win32_DMAChannel, L2 _" Z" z1 T$ w) L P
Win32_Fan" B: n1 L) k% `' {% R5 v% o4 |5 e
Win32_FloppyController H, D# v3 X8 Z. G
Win32_FloppyDrive
: k2 W2 Z P& W$ H2 S: {1 o( | Win32_HeatPipe
5 s/ W( d d0 k/ U- k( Q- H Win32_IDEController
5 r A7 B% z+ [; f* ]. Z- _2 u Win32_InfraredDevice6 ~( r* N' o5 x5 P2 b/ J3 j
Win32_IRQResource
; b1 C+ d7 y( m3 q5 l8 n, H Win32_Keyboard+ C! ]: V% ^: Q6 B
Win32_MemoryArray
. Y* B$ v O e Win32_MemoryDevice
7 E8 a# \0 t% P7 N Win32_MotherboardDevice
7 e# b2 }7 x6 Z9 Q Win32_NetworkAdapter
+ v+ F" E% \" _, C+ v Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration' H4 d) n: R3 q' G5 O1 T* z
Win32_OnBoardDevice# y* m" Y5 t/ U
Win32_ParallelPort
: G1 o! n. }8 \/ s Win32_PCMCIAController
/ ?) u6 b, ` p! m$ { Win32_PhysicalMemory
/ G% L/ n" g5 k2 H; Z) z, N Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray2 v7 S, ^0 u8 Q& L1 _* g3 x
Win32_PnPEntity! m% J% D. M: {9 i
Win32_PointingDevice! W4 Q3 z% D; w( n6 `+ i( t
Win32_PortableBattery
/ V1 z* k& t- U: c1 u7 { Win32_PortConnector0 `( ~5 Z1 E! Q3 V* X) z8 v ^
Win32_PortResource
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Win32_PowerManagementEvent2 J3 @6 s3 g' q6 ]0 m
Win32_Printer
: F3 B* A0 ?* c+ G, L2 f Win32_PrinterConfiguration
$ h% a' G8 Y+ S/ m/ E Win32_PrintJob8 a1 C. D5 `( K% ^, Q
Win32_Processor3 X- ~7 f. c8 R0 L. s! R
Win32_Refrigeration' O+ r7 h& t' O+ Z0 m
Win32_SerialPort5 g9 L% ^6 j8 J [1 g; u
Win32_SerialPortConfiguration/ h& Z/ z* H0 D& m
Win32_SMBIOSMemory& {/ k. K8 C& f3 I
Win32_SoundDevice% u7 B! Z1 q! \+ N
Win32_SystemEnclosure
$ ]- E" j! g+ x& i' O Win32_SystemMemoryResource1 ^% d$ B, G5 n* d" k L
Win32_SystemSlot" F/ a; a* ?; H/ A; p* l* Z
Win32_TapeDrive0 X/ n+ K/ o" U& t
Win32_TemperatureProbe2 Z7 w, Z2 ]- Z% W
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply! t/ X( g3 e, q/ N" x
Win32_USBController4 \9 H" L% L7 T- V
Win32_VideoConfiguration4 Z, B& r8 C. o+ P: T/ b
Win32_VideoController
7 M$ u; `$ B& G! s Win32_VoltageProbe* ?7 @" D* E- u; F
, o1 u: K6 R/ ~) I8 g0 N( ^# {3 Y6 S+ P以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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