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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)
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WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
0 P i6 E& K8 ]) w4 g+ p3 k 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
7 n! {% ~( G, E2 K' Y3 x2 @$ n 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。5 M! Z' n7 A' D: d- W8 g& \
很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面
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7 ` t8 l# p# g# v$ O1 X8 E① 初始化 COM 接口:8 ^, g- B4 `* f# M
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。9 C2 ~+ P( q2 |3 Z; k ^6 ]( m* l
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。
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② 获取访问 WMI 权限:. N( a* X5 r7 `# v% L
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);% J/ j- Q+ C* b7 Z! `& v
如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
" Z! v0 u0 s0 S+ Z o5 t, O 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
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void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)2 T2 l4 @, V u9 U" R. S3 Q3 |
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IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
7 n( s& k/ Y* q if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)6 h8 i, l. B& {, W8 X3 X
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IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;
* o8 Z% a+ B2 s6 [: r# d* S WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
) B! b) [9 ]+ I if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
5 V4 i8 G' l" k% X/ O( u2 c WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;6 K8 z% u5 g& J1 c& M
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)5 o& A* A4 e: S* v p6 [/ Y
{
: w: P2 M% c; a" D0 [ IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
1 u3 @) W3 n7 d ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;
/ M% @ U: K: }9 D9 D+ E! ~ | if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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int iEnumIdx = 0;
" l# H: U7 q' Q$ O7 I while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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/ N) m: ?( q0 Q% p# E% D lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");, o; R7 N2 ~* m/ t
- y% H& j& l( O9 Y P2 B7 [7 F SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;& }' `; r8 R, ]0 V1 p1 n
if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)" Y) @; }) H1 j6 d/ a, v
{
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SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);) o' \# j" p, }: `
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);( y* f. @: ~4 f3 l9 C) c" {: d5 `
for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
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long aidx = idx;
) X; H8 v& s- ?; j: C* @5 [8 E+ a wchar_t *wsName = 0;, G8 |7 g- B8 |; V+ g! {% O2 `
VARIANT vValue;9 I) u7 }+ m/ _* q- j
VariantInit(&vValue);% M0 C* i/ c( ]+ x k: |
SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);6 V% T1 T# o- V5 o/ ?# I
( B. J8 v5 X2 y/ d6 a+ K BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);8 n% L& X/ K- \4 h
HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
5 s6 |5 M& k h$ v' H) {$ C SysFreeString(bs);
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+ |. e) p0 Y; p0 ^ if(hRes == S_OK)
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AnsiString s;9 y! D; Q* W0 Z( n& d! h3 H9 ~
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
' Z% J o6 n6 d/ b if(v.IsArray())" K, W' j2 V5 f- Q* w. R4 A
{
2 l8 E3 c& P+ M/ a. a for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
$ U* O- A7 _: g if(!s.IsEmpty())
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s+=VarToStr(a);$ J% [7 e( ]: }% P1 r
}
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5 s; w6 ], b- b- H s = VarToStr(v);& X& i @( w1 S8 L- z/ L
}
% ?6 B- \! V; c1 a8 a5 u0 B& o lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
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8 R# K8 _6 G" J l# {. K VariantClear(&vValue);
& y9 l6 Z Z Z3 _+ ^0 E( k: X: S SysFreeString(wsName);
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
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0 B* F5 T7 c8 B if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();
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% A$ a6 w, F" a- f if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();
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if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();; j p$ a* v9 M; H) \
}
; ~5 C% m! t4 ?# M; R; c if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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% ?" d7 V: J/ ^// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
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8 b$ v: c* J: S+ m4 V Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");& ~ o m& H; Q% S3 ^$ {/ v
GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
/ J/ F5 P8 @ W/ G% u Memo1->Lines->Add("");
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) p6 p' D! g" t. L% gWMI 可以访问的信息类型有:# W8 K H% J2 N# i' J- R$ h+ E5 }
Win32_1394Controller, q y' [& K' d8 ~5 f& N
Win32_BaseBoard
9 h) f4 b- O2 h, T7 A" b Win32_Battery
; `. E5 N' i* [+ o Win32_BIOS( E- M+ Y: q" j* l: c* }
Win32_Bus- f3 p& w, T. T
Win32_CacheMemory
$ x; c; k, O) L/ p. D6 O( A Win32_CDROMDrive2 C/ B+ K, H( d. k' h
Win32_CurrentProbe# ^: N* T: u4 L
Win32_DesktopMonitor
4 P# C, g4 w9 F- q% f6 y Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress9 j! ?( Q! c, [" g2 K! H) G
Win32_DiskDrive
1 J4 ]' }1 m% h) ~7 d0 C/ ^ Win32_DisplayConfiguration
! Z! u6 [+ _) ~5 f. b1 g1 Y Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
% H6 g" N2 W5 } {5 D9 g1 P+ ] Win32_DMAChannel
- i: @, \( M2 Y* l6 A0 B% g9 R Win32_Fan" ?0 V& z( r) |
Win32_FloppyController+ Y" y* @- s$ ~7 [! d, W/ }. V
Win32_FloppyDrive! T- g' F6 j G9 j0 Z2 G+ H! T
Win32_HeatPipe7 r2 y& S; I; C
Win32_IDEController' F' U* x/ V/ d1 u {+ ~' L0 T: j
Win32_InfraredDevice9 N7 N) Y' J; Z, L7 O! W
Win32_IRQResource2 { f) N2 e9 J" z0 E
Win32_Keyboard
; V0 G6 l' W) r% E1 l( X Win32_MemoryArray: `. a; J- g7 S1 Y/ d% N r
Win32_MemoryDevice
4 m4 ?% S1 _3 w% d Win32_MotherboardDevice
) f, p; H0 ?( e* ]# k. `3 w Win32_NetworkAdapter
7 @( O0 G! Y7 V! i. R Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration. y8 |, V5 Z/ \5 _7 _( w; m L
Win32_OnBoardDevice
. q3 I( Q0 u# E+ d2 i Win32_ParallelPort* y8 @* d8 ^& o5 P
Win32_PCMCIAController
# D9 ]1 Y' {) Q% P: p9 L Win32_PhysicalMemory
/ ^; m( N2 z/ b8 r Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray, x3 t8 W) @1 i h
Win32_PnPEntity5 H7 V: n5 v3 u% e+ {
Win32_PointingDevice# ^5 M/ r) X& O- c) j: I7 ?; {* t) U" y
Win32_PortableBattery7 o6 B1 r& r; M3 Z4 z5 B9 q
Win32_PortConnector
; b0 l) |3 @+ B A. T9 A, J( ]3 H Win32_PortResource
2 z5 R. |, Q+ i& C Win32_POTSModem
. C+ ^& A* x( x7 e9 M Win32_PowerManagementEvent
& |% e2 o( v {; T: e Win32_Printer
4 X9 I% a* x Z# B; K1 | Win32_PrinterConfiguration2 U9 i' b- b; J8 O2 `# l
Win32_PrintJob ~/ ]5 g, V: J+ i8 Q) K+ i
Win32_Processor
7 @. k9 G7 S' ^$ z1 C Win32_Refrigeration
1 |% l2 J" [& A Win32_SerialPort
+ J+ E5 M1 q( J Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
: S" S8 X3 g) h Win32_SMBIOSMemory5 E4 u4 d, ]( S" I6 H8 b% J
Win32_SoundDevice
% A7 I* C2 y! G; E4 P6 T Win32_SystemEnclosure
# j# ~, F! C W- D Win32_SystemMemoryResource2 i5 b% j+ Y2 W3 N. U( s; ^2 q
Win32_SystemSlot
: X8 F& d* J) D9 e; h% k4 ^ Win32_TapeDrive' x5 C* h$ ?9 g( Z- g
Win32_TemperatureProbe8 N: G3 p9 ~+ g' A, q
Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply/ [9 c+ G9 t* D: k) ]. P+ [
Win32_USBController
/ P0 f9 p( F1 ]# N. w* ]2 I Win32_VideoConfiguration
2 \1 u( t8 D% e* B- ^9 G9 u Win32_VideoController
; O: \% w* H6 k1 V4 i' F! T Win32_VoltageProbe C1 X; Q, b. b5 J L7 F0 p
" b3 o7 ~& S6 h$ I/ \( P ?: V& U! c以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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