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Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)7 {. J% R! U4 c1 O; z
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1 l0 o t4 T G3 IWMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)8 z. a# P; u& V6 [9 V2 x
通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。
- d: c( o+ `% s9 W7 b 利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。
$ ?) i4 W: \! @6 n" _) e" W 很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 ! r7 s" ?* {) ?( e
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BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面( O) f! i2 m, V3 Q# N
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① 初始化 COM 接口:( ?/ m, P3 ^/ |( M6 f
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。
5 O' ?2 N% Y3 N 这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。" k' A0 @8 x/ o! [+ [4 _
$ s6 ^6 y6 U3 H% }1 L! o* K② 获取访问 WMI 权限:8 v" O* f7 F9 P" w$ `
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0); c; c1 Z" F0 ~# D# Q; K
如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。* z" Z% N+ a0 I, N
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③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:, g5 K' o9 D3 y
这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
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void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)
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IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;
8 u. y: C2 \ y0 t8 ~+ ? if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)
# Y s) B% S$ N3 l6 V6 U$ c- l {
1 U. b( }4 }7 ~+ X! v/ d IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;: P+ n7 Q' @ x% K% W
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");
& ~: a' k) i' Z# Z- U if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK)
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IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;
- ?) D1 D. x" w1 ~- I- v6 M WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;
5 Q, q3 {2 U1 v7 x: } if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK)
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IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;
/ z6 R) n$ u$ B1 V# r ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;! z1 J8 [% i6 C3 b2 ~
if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
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5 Y' b7 H1 R& }# [5 W( r, v int iEnumIdx = 0;9 Q& {. z7 B+ o( ]& C
while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)
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lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");
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SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;9 W3 f7 ]3 a1 ?8 u
if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK)9 f m3 U/ H( h9 J) y( N
{
7 e/ s6 g: P b% x7 r' m& G long vbl, vbu;! Y8 r8 c" Z5 R8 t8 w+ V, G9 o
SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);
; S) x8 d5 P3 ?* Q+ Z5 B SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);& H% p$ k$ a8 O; ]
for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)0 D. s! y; m9 X
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long aidx = idx;
( c! u- N0 N* D# F wchar_t *wsName = 0;
) l& E+ e4 k3 s! h' Z/ b! {. L* l VARIANT vValue;
9 `5 [% g5 q' I2 e6 K% }+ e VariantInit(&vValue);
. y- Q" c* ?& P9 M8 L+ C SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
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; c+ Q. ^3 V4 M. b BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);
1 U4 j/ t9 Q* D i; V+ o HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);
8 d m( t1 j+ A6 Z6 v4 p SysFreeString(bs);
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if(hRes == S_OK)
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5 `$ u3 T. U* z# [# W4 D AnsiString s;6 N; F3 i% P# E% T
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;2 e F& [( @9 s7 {. U3 E
if(v.IsArray())% r( a) |/ R: ^& G
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for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
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Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
$ p& @* x5 h( F7 A$ p if(!s.IsEmpty())
& D7 X3 F, Y+ G% A s+=", ";) O7 y! ?; n1 M3 p4 Z
s+=VarToStr(a);
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else
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s = VarToStr(v);1 ^& {% Y% T$ v8 n) n6 K
}
0 U! N6 j) w) u5 V lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
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/ f5 R1 ]- G9 O# i! I$ x) s VariantClear(&vValue);
+ c% L# [, n, g. U# l! Z SysFreeString(wsName);
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if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);
Y/ P/ w" \2 }0 a. O iEnumIdx++;1 F9 v3 f: [- S8 M/ `8 _; f% A
}
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! b1 o( e. E& | if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();' A4 H; Z6 K/ r3 W, N- m
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if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();7 V5 d5 b; R" |* o7 N3 m) K
}
6 n' R3 E: r& {$ _% m Z4 m if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();
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0 D9 f0 x- H: @5 H' A- ] if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();
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//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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. M& ~% {) P# \// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
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Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
, \8 ]- T; v- x6 Q' D GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");' T y) z" u: U7 N3 x9 }' q
Memo1->Lines->Add("");
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WMI 可以访问的信息类型有:8 A0 e* Q5 \- }. ~" A3 z2 G
Win32_1394Controller
( r4 i% w5 q- ^ M/ y Win32_BaseBoard
1 T7 [* U. C+ j6 \' _ Win32_Battery
) h9 G2 z2 C( v! G Win32_BIOS6 s& I% w' o+ _5 A; e; E
Win32_Bus
2 t9 ` A* A: \) z- X Win32_CacheMemory
3 x+ j; F# H; `* i, h/ j4 t Win32_CDROMDrive
! e' c' s$ ~$ A0 ?4 R0 W Win32_CurrentProbe
8 O+ L7 L2 b3 \, c7 g( m7 G8 u Win32_DesktopMonitor
$ S# i! J2 {7 {0 V Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress6 ?0 W4 q. z- I. C
Win32_DiskDrive
5 e4 G9 B/ c) C Win32_DisplayConfiguration5 G7 a8 H) Z! K7 x
Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration
8 ]9 s4 J; g6 o2 O Win32_DMAChannel
7 b; p' [7 C3 V8 u0 v: r* ~ Win32_Fan
& x: k% S' E: a! i* B# m Win32_FloppyController
( { q1 B' _2 [- a$ l2 j Win32_FloppyDrive: E# K$ w" w% x; M9 M- Z" S
Win32_HeatPipe
1 A' B4 t. K; ]- `$ ] Win32_IDEController6 B D2 S& T' g& u$ A% w
Win32_InfraredDevice6 l" k& W( y7 A E6 [
Win32_IRQResource
. A( S" d9 e1 t6 Q! ?; I Win32_Keyboard
/ z6 V2 w( e9 x/ r' p0 v Win32_MemoryArray
& q, j$ L8 R* |* J' @ Win32_MemoryDevice
+ o1 r& g& h% y4 d8 k- B2 q* m Win32_MotherboardDevice$ R% L) X& t5 T, @$ h/ u! `
Win32_NetworkAdapter
1 Z3 M% G. O9 X: S; R. y4 a Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
, V" R; k+ c4 c+ Y% L5 d4 g Win32_OnBoardDevice
; d2 t0 p. ?+ k% a$ b3 [# C Win32_ParallelPort2 f8 i S* X" g! S! K
Win32_PCMCIAController* Q& T9 S" u3 c R
Win32_PhysicalMemory5 l5 f. l: B, G" n% x3 `+ b
Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray: G6 ~- g- q; Z+ q7 e; n
Win32_PnPEntity) E# S6 E x* \* K) m2 Y: ^/ S
Win32_PointingDevice
7 ?- ^6 S. ~ u% ]2 j Win32_PortableBattery
6 ^8 @8 P1 ]# E! |% a+ P, a Win32_PortConnector7 \- U- q# ]) V7 X3 S. g4 y) s% m
Win32_PortResource
' u4 `9 ^9 A% N4 c4 E Win32_POTSModem$ L6 ]) R X' ?. f1 `1 g) d a
Win32_PowerManagementEvent
+ y! f8 l- F% [" H; [/ [- q; } Win32_Printer
3 j( U( c/ X: I) F6 V4 T Win32_PrinterConfiguration: N& j5 S2 D! a, U1 S# Q* Y
Win32_PrintJob
' G; ? ?' k4 V Win32_Processor6 `, E T+ S n
Win32_Refrigeration
/ R( u& x' P' g( _5 J0 q Win32_SerialPort
# {$ h4 ]. ~ Z Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
- M2 S! j: ?2 \& J* U N* ~1 ? Win32_SMBIOSMemory3 g6 v+ T; D/ X+ q* J
Win32_SoundDevice
' s6 { |; O. a Win32_SystemEnclosure
6 D# l6 R; y2 ]" Q' m$ K3 B Win32_SystemMemoryResource( k H- X! E4 m h( z/ T d% M- G
Win32_SystemSlot: g2 S8 j: w8 F& E1 J+ |5 O5 X
Win32_TapeDrive9 S- R- T5 O0 n
Win32_TemperatureProbe
9 l$ I, X$ N9 x d Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply% ]( ^# @3 V& Q! X" C( {. s" f
Win32_USBController
8 w8 m9 l4 ?7 l4 [3 p- w y Win32_VideoConfiguration
9 n4 o" ]5 z! Q Win32_VideoController( ]8 A3 V- L# Y* d1 f0 F5 \
Win32_VoltageProbe
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$ g$ y( J6 m9 I& G7 c* D以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
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