|
|
Victor Chen, (C++ 爱好者)/ m z5 E3 H. z/ ]
3 f7 n; N! j6 i0 M. e
& H; O+ Q8 n! [- N5 p--------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 }$ z; m1 r% F& r! `* c
WMI: Windows Management Instrumentation (Windows 管理工具)
- P! E" d2 T: a 通过 WMI 可以获取主板、BIOS、磁盘、显卡、网络等几乎所有的系统信息。 ) u* i" }4 t, r) [
利用这个工具可以管理本地或客户端系统中几乎所有的信息。; }$ s! m; y0 z
很多网络管理工具都是基于WMI开发的。在 Windows NT/2000/XP/2003 都有这个工具, 在 Windows 98 里面可以选择安装这个工具。 2 n7 Z0 ]2 K' @7 I" F, {, n
% a9 Z6 p1 V! O. V' P1 }0 u1 F9 H--------------------------------------------------------------------------------0 E2 o' e4 J7 X# v: `
BCB 的 WMI 库文件 wbemuuid.lib 由本站提供, 包含在本页下面的程序源码下载里面* C o) Q# k* f4 D
. U6 ?# w( W9 s4 V! Y+ j' v--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' A- F) h; a: ^3 {5 ]' T
① 初始化 COM 接口:( E! _! g+ p6 w
访问 WMI, 必须先初始化 COM 接口, 在程序的一开始调用 CoInitialize(NULL); 初始化, 在结束时调用 CoUninitialize(); 释放资源。& o' e& M2 C: x% s+ E5 \: h- g
这两个函数在 #include <comdef.h> 里面定义。% r6 c1 U8 H7 C2 I) |0 r
! o7 u s2 {: S② 获取访问 WMI 权限:5 m5 w$ N3 o- a/ Z% z# G! H
CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, 0);7 S0 T$ F; D: x s4 X+ P9 Z( W/ D3 s
如果这个函数返回 S_OK 获取权限成功, 否则为失败。
# \7 o8 `" ~1 e3 k9 ^" B6 V7 V- `1 b; v3 L
③ 通过 IWbemLocator 和 IWbemServices 这两个 COM 接口访问 WMI, 获取系统信息:
0 U4 b/ [. T7 B 这个函数的参数: lpList 返回信息, wsClass 为要查找的系统信息类, 这些 COM 接口在 #include <wbemidl.h> 里定义。
1 N1 f9 r# k, o0 L& P5 b' K- H+ D" O
void GetWmiInfo(TStrings *lpList, WideString wsClass)
& d0 A' V% n+ L; t/ d0 i{& v5 }: g! V7 q0 Q0 f
IWbemLocator *pWbemLocator = NULL;3 G9 G% |4 r, a: {1 H5 `! \* C
if(CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemAdministrativeLocator, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER|CLSCTX_LOCAL_SERVER, IID_IUnknown, (void**)&pWbemLocator) == S_OK)7 F1 ~8 x k* ?! ]( _
{
; S8 {& E( W) ^5 v: ^0 {% d' W IWbemServices *pWbemServices = NULL;4 h9 N; h$ B2 m
WideString wsNamespace = (L"root\\cimv2");* `( Y5 U L4 y5 o5 `
if(pWbemLocator->ConnectServer(wsNamespace, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &pWbemServices) == S_OK): a7 l! q; w$ L8 @' \
{. `& m) i X4 A8 ]- t# R) W$ ~2 U
IEnumWbemClassObject *pEnumClassObject = NULL;0 l% d* H! z5 f, p" Q* e% o
WideString wsWQL=L"WQL", wsQuery=WideString(L"Select * from ")+wsClass;, N5 J/ K6 S) Y" L
if(pWbemServices->ExecQuery(wsWQL, wsQuery, WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY,NULL, &pEnumClassObject) == S_OK), _9 H0 A$ ^. D& } t6 o. C2 S4 ~
{6 V) Z: f7 N" z# [8 h; i1 g
IWbemClassObject *pClassObject = NULL;9 _9 z9 V$ ]! L& }: ^4 s) q+ w" C
ULONG uCount = 1, uReturned;
- q* d: V: H* B if(pEnumClassObject->Reset() == S_OK)
& b7 o. o/ ^" h: a3 M6 W {
- r/ o; Y& R7 `4 P$ z& q int iEnumIdx = 0;
; Y' F2 }& j+ D+ w while(pEnumClassObject->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, uCount, &pClassObject, &uReturned) == S_OK)$ J# h T5 K, a2 ?
{
4 @# I" v# z) X7 P lpList->Add("---------------- ["+IntToStr(iEnumIdx)+"] -----------------");
2 U( D+ ~& m: _, _
, @! b: F7 o( N SAFEARRAY *pvNames = NULL;) Y* h& @2 _ b( b2 G* y
if(pClassObject->GetNames(NULL, WBEM_FLAG_ALWAYS | WBEM_MASK_CONDITION_ORIGIN, NULL, &pvNames) == S_OK); g7 u# G/ t1 C# N/ I& p
{
( `+ B7 a& H E; H% G& t- n- H long vbl, vbu;
- J5 I. ^4 g, N/ v SafeArrayGetLBound(pvNames, 1, &vbl);& Z, e i6 H' }- o: |
SafeArrayGetUBound(pvNames, 1, &vbu);) O5 }( X% K! i/ A8 I% H
for(long idx=vbl; idx<=vbu; idx++)
- Q: i. B5 q- p$ @$ b, n6 m {& K% {( q5 o' q7 H- t8 \
long aidx = idx;
& [( ?4 X4 u/ [+ Y# L6 W wchar_t *wsName = 0;9 ~; o0 G3 P% s9 S" u/ e8 ~
VARIANT vValue;. h! p1 u8 Z: i! `! ^$ H" Y
VariantInit(&vValue);
( [9 w R0 H+ r! p, ?$ ~# g; g' Y SafeArrayGetElement(pvNames, &aidx, &wsName);
' G; ~ f* O- @: Y5 _) {$ ]/ Z- T: k2 s0 D5 o
BSTR bs = SysAllocString(wsName);# E! K: Q; y. `# D; z7 x1 K* h
HRESULT hRes = pClassObject->Get(bs, 0, &vValue, NULL, 0);1 J- X6 z8 h0 q4 [
SysFreeString(bs);
: q; ~/ N6 S, H1 A$ n* b3 r% K( S f [( f. f
if(hRes == S_OK), ^& T' n. c* Q) [% b
{/ E( d! {$ r, K# J* s
AnsiString s;$ x2 k& L: ~2 s: W; q" K( P& V
Variant v = *(Variant*)&vValue;
1 D' l9 ^+ s! T6 f if(v.IsArray())
3 T2 S. @# n. I0 R: F6 x. Q {
# r2 W9 o9 f2 k1 `' d- F) d" R for(int i=v.ArrayLowBound(); i<=v.ArrayHighBound(); i++)
# o7 g4 d R1 F! P' u {8 o+ x) O7 g8 `. A+ j5 ^# c
Variant a = v.GetElement(i);
" E; C( l: u1 q! k3 _: b* G if(!s.IsEmpty())' J Q( ?5 N+ W. S/ [6 F- n
s+=", ";
. z5 R' \) C/ {! @4 ^ s+=VarToStr(a);
. i2 n8 l' Q2 N7 j' j }
& y$ ~# [7 I$ I/ C }! }7 t2 \. m) F/ D$ R
else+ x2 y" F, n3 C% m2 E7 I
{
) y; E6 l. s1 X+ u s = VarToStr(v);
7 Z. ?* h$ j$ k: B }
5 b% [4 [6 H2 h; \ lpList->Add(AnsiString(wsName)+"="+s);
. v1 [1 M9 Z5 s) d }
- _0 K$ Z M" M2 T; B+ {1 G& ?
: X& M; A. w# q% _ VariantClear(&vValue);
8 F, [3 I, z* L) j3 l) n- Y5 ` SysFreeString(wsName);
4 h. y4 G' B7 S0 R' r& _- F. h$ ` }
w+ v0 b6 {; Y }
a: |* {8 e$ @ if(pvNames)SafeArrayDestroy(pvNames);' g4 n$ a- j1 t
iEnumIdx++;
- g2 ^( z( U! j }, ]9 z- y2 Z. k- f4 w
}
( a3 u3 @' t% {4 s' I if(pClassObject)pClassObject->Release();1 u7 g; u& R% W- ^2 S
}
4 Y1 E7 O) m: t- l! d if(pEnumClassObject)pEnumClassObject->Release();, n- t: R: |. X {7 N
}+ Q( T% h _: C# S* `, I) F' e. [" g
if(pWbemServices)pWbemServices->Release();
! _3 \2 g% u; i* K. D }
( `! u- g8 U; S if(pWbemLocator)pWbemLocator->Release();: `9 i6 R5 N# P6 k1 M$ I7 X* I
}% n# x$ Y) G8 n% y# u
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------- g+ m5 p9 @& m+ n7 D$ h) H% C8 w
0 [- d5 {" R2 W// 通过 WIN32_bios 获取 BIOS 信息:
+ V! o ^: e. A6 J9 vvoid __fastcall TForm1::Button1Click(TObject *Sender)4 _! d& ]1 N4 `9 Z( v; z8 p: q9 Y
{
$ a7 \' O, b6 t0 v7 z* V2 h Memo1->Lines->Add("================== [WIN32_bios] =================");
9 y% p: q: A2 M$ P GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios");
( X) O$ |8 S* M( p; C+ A4 g Memo1->Lines->Add("");1 K7 n8 j: o; r4 w- `
}
% o0 |8 q) l) O8 F
- D! r, E2 h: L0 G& P5 ^--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
) s0 o4 Y( h+ l7 R$ { D" T! D
' o' J: i2 b5 @% m Y: Q7 ^! kWMI 可以访问的信息类型有:
* W8 f5 |/ n2 O! a% _ Win32_1394Controller
4 C, g$ o. {& T4 h+ K. h Win32_BaseBoard6 {& H: u$ A& f" y6 |
Win32_Battery
0 k) ]: H- v' N7 n; V) S Win32_BIOS
1 k f+ k/ U3 h' x, \ Win32_Bus
$ O, r* n5 [# V! L G; { Win32_CacheMemory5 [( D- Q; d8 L1 L
Win32_CDROMDrive
3 _- h) D* D! u$ e9 Q Win32_CurrentProbe( E9 ?, Y X, {* e! \4 X. N. i
Win32_DesktopMonitor$ Q: m% R( Z9 A& X
Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress8 W& s* k% u0 @! K
Win32_DiskDrive
2 P8 ~+ N5 z; j A6 I Win32_DisplayConfiguration
. l) _1 l( H& k; p( } Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration4 Y- R, J/ I+ b. D- Y# p+ Z7 v6 K
Win32_DMAChannel
9 x1 x+ U) J6 L) [3 D p5 J Win32_Fan9 W ]" S: M& }& |7 ]
Win32_FloppyController
. S: \% B- L5 d8 G" q Win32_FloppyDrive) h. w9 I9 M z8 t b; v) |
Win32_HeatPipe
+ A) Q& S5 c* m$ C! s- c Win32_IDEController1 t1 R/ X$ l& s. y- p( k/ [ I L
Win32_InfraredDevice, ]* Q8 l# m7 h
Win32_IRQResource
/ E C0 X0 v6 G2 q Win32_Keyboard7 p- G0 W' L" R
Win32_MemoryArray# O- o, ~0 ~7 z3 G3 J7 @) z# L: S
Win32_MemoryDevice
6 H% P8 v d, N% h& @: n/ K Win32_MotherboardDevice: t' \, G$ }2 v" [: I* U) Y8 t4 n
Win32_NetworkAdapter
+ J( ^2 G4 L1 v e. P! J' g1 z Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
- I6 H' _+ ?1 t) n, b Win32_OnBoardDevice
5 c# `: ~( L' c/ @ Win32_ParallelPort
, j/ J7 U* R" C7 [! V& y) c0 H- i Win32_PCMCIAController1 I q4 k- ~& }. H
Win32_PhysicalMemory
' D) u' h! L5 f7 G1 x+ i# c0 Q7 \ Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray
" s. O& a% t v4 v5 n+ N Win32_PnPEntity
0 X( |2 s: G" W" N' {+ S, W% h Win32_PointingDevice
8 N! m" m% b0 ^4 c7 {% Z Win32_PortableBattery# J) D% G4 p4 S7 o
Win32_PortConnector
* L: I( @% k% p' P4 } O Win32_PortResource7 g# s: _$ k# n% e& F; u6 ]7 J2 P+ D
Win32_POTSModem+ u2 F2 O7 A. Z7 {% R8 Y/ l
Win32_PowerManagementEvent
* _, ~( b/ r4 j" m& |) k Win32_Printer1 X. a! {2 f1 V1 _
Win32_PrinterConfiguration( y o. g$ u1 K8 J
Win32_PrintJob9 Y/ ?5 d2 v j, C8 @
Win32_Processor
4 @4 Y0 H5 ^/ b. A/ \9 z Win32_Refrigeration
y) {- L6 _' n- a" ], W8 w) G+ a Win32_SerialPort: C' l5 R# j5 c8 e- z* f$ m
Win32_SerialPortConfiguration
4 I4 u) o5 J, f. C- i8 ^6 i Win32_SMBIOSMemory
3 R0 p0 z a' }- I! u Win32_SoundDevice6 o/ f6 x$ ]4 m: Z9 T8 U
Win32_SystemEnclosure
# X* ^* F6 u0 z) L* f2 {$ l& u1 Q Win32_SystemMemoryResource
- h, r: _4 n9 ]% n" z Win32_SystemSlot; y" l0 u# q: t3 s( `( i
Win32_TapeDrive5 i- M8 ?0 y" R
Win32_TemperatureProbe
5 g- _6 K2 u4 u" H: z Win32_UninterruptiblePowerSupply/ }4 o0 Y# s m. k; ~. l& A
Win32_USBController
1 b& b$ {+ {. \6 g$ z3 V( R. _4 p Win32_VideoConfiguration {9 P$ h& ?! A8 O, f
Win32_VideoController$ n/ \) g \: Y7 S) p
Win32_VoltageProbe
p" s) X+ E# X1 C" V; R7 s1 b6 A( T1 g
以上类型(字符串值)通过前面写的函数 GetWmiInfo 可以得到相应的信息, 例如 GetWmiInfo(Memo1->Lines, "WIN32_bios"); |
|